Anterior segment parameters and eyelids in systemic sclerosis

To evaluate main numerical parameters of anterior segment and the effects of eyelid skin changes on these parameters in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). Thirty-four patients with SSc and 34 healthy individuals were enrolled. Besides full eye examination, anterior segment measurements including anterior chamber depth (ACD), anterior chamber volume, anterior chamber angle width, central corneal thickness, pupil size, corneal volume and keratometry were obtained using a Sirius Scheimpflug/Placido photography-based topography system. Eyelid thickness was evaluated using the scala of the modified Rodnan skin score and the patients were subgrouped with respect to these scores to evaluate the effect of eyelid thickening on the anterior segment parameters. Age and sex distributions of the groups were similar (p > 0.05). SSc patients had steeper and thinner corneas, smaller corneal volumes, narrower, shallower and smaller anterior segments but only the mean ACD value of right eyes was found significantly less than those of the controls (p = 0.047). The mean ACD values of SSc subgroup patients with moderate to severe eyelid thickening (50 %) had lower ACD measurements compared to those of control group. (p = 0.043 for the right eyes, p = 0.070 for the left eyes). However, SSc subgroup patients with none to mild eyelid thickening (50 %) had similar anterior segment parameters with control subjects (p > 0.05). Anterior chamber parameters of the SSc patients could show significant differences. These differences occur parallel to the eyelid changes but not secondary to it.