Top

Published in:

01-09-2014 | Case Report

An uncommon cause of acquired osteosclerosis in adults: hepatitis C-associated osteosclerosis

Authors: Narendranath Epperla, Fergus E. McKiernan

Published in: Skeletal Radiology | Issue 9/2014

Abstract

Hepatitis C-associated osteosclerosis (HCAO) is a rare sclerosing bone condition characterized by debilitating, predominantly lower extremity bone pain, accelerated bone turnover, and a generalized increase in histologically normal trabecular and cortical bone tissue. Herein we report the clinical presentation and imaging results of the 19th case of HCAO. Clinicians, particularly those caring for a population at risk for HCV infection, should be aware of this uncommon condition. The etio-pathogenesis of HCAO remains obscure but may bear important lessons in bone biology that could lead to new treatment options for osteoporosis.

Villareal DT, Murphy WA, Teitelbaum SL, et al. Painful diffuse osteosclerosis after intravenous drug abuse. Am J Med. 1992;93:371–81.PubMedCrossRef

Beyer HS, Anderson Q, Shih MS, et al. Diffuse osteosclerosis in intravenous drug abusers. Am J Med. 1993;95:660–2.PubMedCrossRef

Fiore CE, Riccobene S, Mangiafico R, et al. Hepatitis C-associated osteosclerosis (HCAO): report of a new case with involvement of the OPG/RANKL system. Osteoporos Int. 2005;16:2180–4.PubMedCrossRef

Manganelli P, Giuliani N, Fietta P, et al. OPG/RANKL system imbalance in a case of hepatitis C-associated osteosclerosis: the pathogenic key? Clin Rheumatol. 2005;24:296–300.PubMedCrossRef

Tanaka T, Oki S, Muro S, et al. A case of hepatitis C-associated osteosclerosis in an elderly Japanese man. Endocr J. 2006;53:393–9.PubMedCrossRef

Whyte MP, Teitelbaum SL, Reinus WR. Doubling skeletal mass during adult life: the syndrome of diffuse osteosclerosis after intravenous drug abuse. J Bone Miner Res. 1996;11:554–8.PubMedCrossRef

Diamond T, Depczynski B. Acquired osteosclerosis associated with intravenous drug use and hepatitis C infection. Bone. 1996;19:679–83.PubMedCrossRef

Hassoun AA, Nippoldt TB, Tiegs RD, et al. Hepatitis C-associated osteosclerosis: an unusual syndrome of acquired osteosclerosis in adults. Am J Med. 1997;103:70–3.PubMedCrossRef

Whyte MP, Reasner CA. Hepatitis C-associated osteosclerosis after blood transfusion. Am J Med. 1997;102:219–20.PubMedCrossRef

10.

Shaker JL, Reinus WR, Whyte MP. Hepatitis C-associated osteosclerosis: late onset after blood transfusion in an elderly woman. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998;83:93–8.PubMedCrossRef

11.

Wakitani S, Hattori T, Nakaya H, et al. Clinical images: hepatitis C-associated osteosclerosis. Arthritis Rheum. 2003;48:268.PubMedCrossRef

12.

Kaji H, Naito J, Sowa H, et al. Serum soluble factors induce the proliferation of alkaline phosphatase activity and transforming growth factor-beta signal in osteoblastic cells in the patient with hepatitis C-associated osteosclerosis. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 2006;114:599–604.PubMedCrossRef

13.

Schwartz KM, Skinner JA. Hepatitis C-associated osteosclerosis: a case report. Skeletal Radiol. 2008;37:679–81.PubMedCrossRef

14.

Javier RM, de Vernejoul MC, Afif N, Kuntz JL, Sibilia J. Skeletal recovery from hepatitis C-associated osteosclerosis (HCAO) following antiviral treatment. Joint Bone Spine. 2011;78:409–11.PubMedCrossRef

15.

Hataya Y, Komatsu Y, Chusho H, Kirishima T, Shintani H, Morimoto T. A case of hepatitis C-associated osteosclerosis with xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis. Intern Med. 2011;50:1703–8.PubMedCrossRef

16.

Beyer HS, Parfitt AM, Shih ZMS, Anderson Q, Heath H. Idiopathic acquired diffuse osteosclerosis in a young woman. J Bone Miner Res. 1990;5:1257–63.PubMedCrossRef

17.

Manzke E, Gruber HE, Hiness RW, Baylink DJ. Skeletal remodelling and bone related hormones in two adults with increased bone mass. Metabolism. 1982;31:25–32.PubMedCrossRef

18.

Mohd Hanafiah K, Groeger J, Flaxman AD, Wiersma ST. Global epidemiology of hepatitis C virus infection: new estimates of age-specific antibody to HCV seroprevalence. Hepatology. 2013;57:1333–42.PubMedCrossRef

19.

Sowa H, Kaji H, Yamaguchi T, Sugimoto T, Chihara K. Smad3 promotes alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralization of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. J Bone Miner Res. 2002;17:1190–9.PubMedCrossRef

20.

Bergman D, Einhorn TI, Forster G. Stone bone syndrome—diffuse sclerosis of bone: a newly described clinical disorder. Endocr Pract. 1996;2:296.PubMedCrossRef

21.

Khosla S, Hassoun AAK, Baker BK, et al. Insulin-like growth factor system abnormalities in hepatitis C-associated osteosclerosis: potential insights into increasing bone mass in adults. J Clin Invest. 1998;101:2165–73.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef

22.

Shaker JL, Moore BP, Whyte MP. Hyperparathyroidism and increased serum IGF-binding protein-2 levels in hepatitis C-associated osteosclerosis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1999;84:384–5.PubMedCrossRef

23.

Radkowski M, Kubicka J, Kisiel E, et al. Detection of active hepatitis C virus and hepatitis G virus/GB virus C replication in bone marrow in human subjects. Blood. 2000;95:3986–9.PubMed

24.

Khosla S, Ballard J, Conover C. Use of site-specific antibodies to characterize the circulating form of big insulin-like growth factor II in patients with hepatitis C-associated osteosclerosis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;87:3867–70.PubMedCrossRef

25.

Vanhoenacker FM, Janssens K, Van Hul W, Gershoni-Baruch R, Brik R, De Schepper AM. Camurati–Engelmann disease. Review of radioclinical features. Acta Radiol. 2003;44:430–4.PubMed

26.

Naveh Y, Kaftori JK, Alon U, Ben-David J, Berant M. Progressive diaphyseal dysplasia: genetics and clinical and radiologic manifestations. Pediatrics. 1984;74:399–405.PubMed

27.

Heymans O, Gebhart M, Alexiou J, Sokolow Y. Camurati–Engelmann disease. Effects of corticosteroids. Acta Clin Belg. 1998;53:189–92.PubMed

28.

Seeger LL, Hewel KC, Yao L, Gold RH, Mirra JM, Chandnani VP, et al. Ribbing disease (multiple diaphyseal sclerosis): imaging and differential diagnosis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1996;167:689–94.PubMedCrossRef

29.

Ribbing S. Hereditary multiple diaphyseal sclerosis. Acta Radiol. 1949;31:522–36.PubMedCrossRef

30.

Mandell GA, Contreras SJ, Conard K, Harcke HT, Maas KW. Bone scintigraphy in the detection of chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis. J Nucl Med. 1998;39:1778–83.PubMed

31.

Yu L, Kasser JR, O’Rourke E, Kozakewich H. Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis: association with vertebra plana. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1989;71:105–12.PubMed

32.

Epstein O, Ajdukiewicz A, Dick R, Sherlock S. Hypertrophic, hepatic osteoarthropathy. Clinical, roentgenologic, biochemical, hormonal and cardiorespiratory studies, and review of the literature. Am J Med. 1979;67:88–97.PubMedCrossRef

33.

Pitt P, Mowat A, Williams R, Hamilton E. Hepatic hypertrophic osteoarthropathy and liver transplantation. Ann Rheum Dis. 1994;53:338–40.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef

34.

Mithal A, Trivedi N, Gupta SK, Kumar S, Gupta RK. Radiological spectrum of endemic fluorosis: relationship with calcium intake. Skeletal Radiol. 1993;22:257–61.PubMedCrossRef

35.

Lian ZC, Wu EH. Osteoporosis—an early radiographic sign of endemic fluorosis. Skeletal Radiol. 1986;15:350–3.PubMedCrossRef

36.

Wang Y, Yin Y, Gilula LA, Wilson AJ. Endemic fluorosis of the skeleton: radiographic features in 127 patients. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1994;162:93–8.PubMedCrossRef

37.

Hofbauer LC, Heufelder AE. Role of receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand and osteoprotegerin in bone cell biology. J Mol Med. 2001;79:243–53.PubMedCrossRef

Title: An uncommon cause of acquired osteosclerosis in adults: hepatitis C-associated osteosclerosis
Authors: Narendranath Epperla
Fergus E. McKiernan
Publication date: 01-09-2014
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: Skeletal Radiology / Issue 9/2014
Print ISSN: 0364-2348
Electronic ISSN: 1432-2161
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00256-014-1882-x

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

An uncommon cause of acquired osteosclerosis in adults: hepatitis C-associated osteosclerosis

Abstract

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 9/2014

Stress injury of the rib in a swimmer

Browser’s notes

Use of dual-energy CT and virtual non-calcium techniques to evaluate post-traumatic bone bruises in knees in the subacute setting

Thanatophoric dysplasia. Correlation among bone X-ray morphometry, histopathology, and gene analysis

Magnetic resonance imaging of abnormal shoulder pain following influenza vaccination

Kager’s fat pad inflammation associated with HIV infection and AIDS: MRI findings