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01-04-2018 | Review

An SIV macaque model of SIV and HAND: the need for adjunctive therapies in HIV that target activated monocytes and macrophages

Authors: Jaclyn Mallard, Kenneth Williams

Published in: Journal of NeuroVirology | Issue 2/2018

Abstract

Non-human primate models of AIDS and neuroAIDS are critical to study HIV infection of the CNS, neuropathology, and immune activation and macrophage accumulation that occurs in HAND. SIV, similar to HIV, infects CD4⁺ T lymphocytes and monocytes/macrophages. Virus enters the CNS early, and macrophage activation correlates with CNS disease, as well as inflammation outside of the CNS. Antiretroviral in HIV+ humans and SIV+ Rhesus macaques results in non-detectable plasma virus, decreased or non-detectable viral RNA or protein in the CNS. But, viral DNA rebounds following therapy interruption, demonstrating the presence of replication competent virus in the CNS within myeloid cells. In this brief review, we discuss our findings using a Rhesus macaque model of SIV-associated CNS infection and pathology, focusing on monocyte/macrophage activation and the link between CNS and cardiac disease. We conclude with recent studies using adjunctive therapy targeting monocytes/macrophages with ART to prevent or diminish CNS pathology that may be associated with HAND.

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Title: An SIV macaque model of SIV and HAND: the need for adjunctive therapies in HIV that target activated monocytes and macrophages
Authors: Jaclyn Mallard
Kenneth Williams
Publication date: 01-04-2018
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Published in: Journal of NeuroVirology / Issue 2/2018
Print ISSN: 1355-0284
Electronic ISSN: 1538-2443
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-018-0616-6

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

An SIV macaque model of SIV and HAND: the need for adjunctive therapies in HIV that target activated monocytes and macrophages

Abstract

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

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