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Annals of Behavioral Medicine
Published in: Annals of Behavioral Medicine 1/2011

01-08-2011 | Original Article

An Expanded Model of the Temporal Stability of Condom Use Intentions: Gender-Specific Predictors among High-Risk Adolescents

Authors: Michelle R. Broaddus, Ph.D., Sarah J. Schmiege, Ph.D., Angela D. Bryan, Ph.D.

Published in: Annals of Behavioral Medicine | Issue 1/2011

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Abstract

Background

Adolescents involved with the criminal justice system are at particularly high-risk for the Human Immunodeficiency Virus and sexually transmitted infections.

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to longitudinally examine gender-specific models of condom use, incorporating temporal stability of intentions.

Methods

Adolescents on probation (N = 728) were recruited to complete longitudinal surveys including measures of Theory of Planned Behavior and gender-specific constructs, relationship length, and condom use.

Results

Gender-specific models of condom use behavior suggested by previous research were mostly replicated. For young women, the effect of baseline intentions on subsequent condom use behavior was stronger when intentions were either stable or increasing. For young men, more stable, increasing intentions were directly associated with more condom use. There was preliminary evidence to suggest an association between temporal stability of intentions and decreasing condom use in stable relationships.

Conclusions

Intervention efforts should be tailored by gender and aim to forestall decreasing intentions and condom use over time by addressing difficulties in maintaining condom use.
Footnotes
1
The traditional conceptualization of the TPB includes the construct “perceived behavioral control.” Perceived behavioral control refers to the degree to which one believes that they can effectively perform the behavior and is considered by many [52] largely synonymous with self-efficacy; therefore, we have used the term “self-efficacy” throughout the paper to refer to this construct.
 
2
Given the ethnic diversity of the sample, we explored whether there were racial/ethnic differences in study outcomes. These analyses indicated no mean differences in study constructs between whites and nonwhites, or between Hispanics as compared with other nonwhites after a Bonferroni correction. We also examined the effect of race/ethnicity in the path analysis framework using a cross-groups analysis for each of gender-specific models and did not find significant overall differences (for women: Δχ 2 (df = 12) = 12.62, ns; for men: Δχ 2 (df = 12) = 10.63, ns).
 
3
We re-estimated the male- and female-specific models excluding participants who did not report heterosexual attraction, and the results were unchanged. Thus, we included all participants in analyses.
 
4
Change in Relationship Type was also measured. Participants described their relationship as “Casually dating,” “Steadily dating,” or “Seriously committed” at both time points. Change was calculated with a difference score. Positive numbers indicated increasing seriousness and negative numbers indicated decreasing seriousness. This construct was not associated with temporal stability and therefore not presented.
 
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Metadata
Title
An Expanded Model of the Temporal Stability of Condom Use Intentions: Gender-Specific Predictors among High-Risk Adolescents
Authors
Michelle R. Broaddus, Ph.D.
Sarah J. Schmiege, Ph.D.
Angela D. Bryan, Ph.D.
Publication date
01-08-2011
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Published in
Annals of Behavioral Medicine / Issue 1/2011
Print ISSN: 0883-6612
Electronic ISSN: 1532-4796
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12160-011-9266-0

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