Published in:
01-01-2021 | Amphotericin B | Review
Excisional penetrating keratoplasty for fungal interface keratitis after endothelial keratoplasty: surgical timing and visual outcome
Published in: International Ophthalmology | Issue 1/2021
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Purpose
In this paper, we describe two cases of fungal interface infectious keratitis (IIK) developed after endothelial keratoplasty (EK) who underwent delayed therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty (TPK) with a poor visual outcome. Furthermore, we conducted a review of the literature and analyzed the visual outcomes of TPK in relation to the time from IIK diagnosis.
Methods
We searched the literature for fungal IIK cases occurred after EK and treated by TPK. We identified 17 cases of fungal IIK, mostly caused by Candida spp. (88%).
Results
Infection was diagnosed at a median time of 21 (range 1–90 days) days after EK. The median lag time between infection diagnosis and TPK was 30 (range 7–393) days. The median distance corrected visual acuity (DCVA) measured 4–12 months after surgery was 20/40 (range 20/200–20/20). When TPK was performed within one month from diagnosis, the final median DCVA was 20/30 (range 20/100–20/20), with 83% of patients achieving ≥ 20/40 vision. When TPK was carried out later, the final median DCVA was 20/50 (range 20/200–20/22) with 44% of patients achieving ≥ 20/40 vision. One patient in the early surgery and four patients in the late surgery group showed postoperative DCVA ≤ 20/100 despite clear grafts.
Conclusion
TPK with removal of the sequestered infection is advocated as a safe and effective measure to treat a post-EK infection. Early surgery allows a reduced exposure time to infection and therefore may result in better visual outcomes and lower risk of complications caused by prolonged inflammation.