Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

LIVE: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)
Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies
Published in: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 1/2024

Open Access 01-12-2024 | Alzheimer's Disease | Research

The impact of seasonal variation on the composition of the volatile oil of Polyalthia suberosa (Roxb.) Thwaites leaves and evaluation of its acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity

Authors: Orchid A. Mahmoud, Iriny M. Ayoub, Omayma A. Eldahshan, Abdel Nasser B. Singab

Published in: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies | Issue 1/2024

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Polyalthia suberosa (Roxb.) Thwaites (Annonaceae) is a medicinal plant that has been reported for its various pharmacological potentials, such as its anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant, and neuropharmacological activities. This study aimed to analyze the leaf essential oils of P. suberosa (PSLO) collected in different seasons, to evaluate the acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity, and to corroborate the obtained results via in-silico molecular docking studies.

Methods

The leaf essential oils of P. suberosa collected in different seasons were analyzed separately by GC/MS. The acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of the leaves oil was assessed via colorimetric assay. In-silico molecular docking studies were elucidated by virtual docking of the main compounds identified in P. suberosa leaf essential oil to the active sites in human acetylcholinesterase crystal structure.

Results

A total of 125 compounds were identified where D-limonene (0.07 − 24.7%), α-copaene (2.25 − 15.49%), E-β-caryophyllene (5.17 − 14.42%), 24-noroleana-3,12-diene (12.92%), β-pinene (0.14 − 8.59%), and α-humulene (2.49–6.9%) were the most abundant components. Results showed a noteworthy influence of the collection season on the chemical composition and yield of the volatile oils. The tested oil adequately inhibited acetylcholinesterase enzyme with an IC50 value of 91.94 µg/mL. Additionally, in-silico molecular docking unveiled that palmitic acid, phytol, p-cymene, and caryophyllene oxide demonstrated the highest fitting scores within the active sites of human acetylcholinesterase enzyme.

Conclusions

From these findings, it is concluded that P. suberosa leaf oil should be evaluated as a food supplement for enhancing memory.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
1.
Yiannopoulou KG, Papageorgiou SG. Current and future treatments in Alzheimer Disease: an update. J Cent Nerv Syst Disease. 2020;12.
2.
Naaz H, Singh S, Pandey VP, Singh P, Dwivedi UN. Anti-cholinergic alkaloids as potential therapeutic agents for Alzheimer’s disease: an in silico approach. Indian J Biochem Biophys. 2013;50(2).
3.
Duyckaerts C, Delatour B, Potier M-C. Classification and basic pathology of Alzheimer disease. Acta Neuropathol. 2009;118(1).
4.
Proestos C. The Benefits of Plant Extracts for Human Health. Foods (Basel Switzerland). 2020;9(11).
5.
Fahmy NM, Al-Sayed E, El-Shazly M, Singab AN. Comprehensive review on flavonoids biological activities of Erythrina plant species. Ind Crops Prod. 2018;123.
6.
Sramek JJ, Frackiewicz EJ, Cutler NR. Review of the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor galanthamine. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2000;9(10).
7.
Chen Y-C, Chia Y-C, Huang B-M. Phytochemicals from Polyalthia species: potential and implication on Anti-Oxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, anti-cancer, and Chemoprevention activities. Molecules. 2021;26(17).
8.
Son NT, Le TA, Thuy DTT, Nguyen DL, Tuyen TT, Hoang Thi MD et al. Essential oils of the Leaf and Stem of Polyalthia Viridis Craib and their biological activities. Nat Prod Commun. 2021;16(9).
9.
Amin R, Quispe C, Herrera-Bravo J, Rahman M, Novakovic R, Daştan SD et al. Ethnopharmacological-Based Validation of Polyalthia suberosa Leaf Extract in Neurological, Hyperalgesic, and Hyperactive Gut Disorders Using Animal Models. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2022;2022.
10.
Yasmen N, Aziz MA, Tajmim A, Hazra AK, Rahman SMM, Akter MI. Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Diethyl Ether and n-Hexane Extract of Polyalthia suberosa Leaves. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018;2018.
11.
Jayaveera KN, Sridhar C, Kumanan R, Yogananda RK, Tarakaram K, Mahesh M. Phytochemical, antibacterial and anthelmintic potential of flowers of Polyalthia Longifolia. J Pharm Chem. 2010;4(2).
12.
The SN, Le Tuan A, Thu TDT, Dinh LN, Thi TT. Essential oils of Polyalthia suberosa leaf and twig and their cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities. Chem Biodivers. 2021;18(5).
13.
Rathore S, Mukhia S, Kapoor S, Bhatt V, Kumar R, Kumar R. Seasonal variability in essential oil composition and biological activity of Rosmarinus officinalis L. accessions in the western Himalaya. Sci Rep. 2022;12(1).
14.
Hussain AI, Anwar F, Nigam PS, Ashraf M, Gilani AH. Seasonal variation in content, chemical composition and antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of essential oils from four Mentha species. J Sci Food Agric. 2010;90(11).
15.
Thabet AA, Ayoub IM, Youssef FS, Al Sayed E, Singab ANB. Essential oils from the leaves and flowers of Leucophyllum frutescens (Scrophulariaceae): phytochemical analysis and inhibitory effects against elastase and collagenase in vitro. Nat Prod Res. 2022;36(18).
16.
Adams RP. Identification of essential oil components by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. 4th ed. Carol Stream (IL): Allured Publishing Corporation; 2007.
17.
Ashmawy AM, Ayoub IM, Eldahshan OA. Chemical composition, cytotoxicity and molecular profiling of Cordia Africana Lam. On human breast cancer cell line. Nat Prod Res. 2021;35(21).
18.
Younis MM, Ayoub IM, Mostafa NM, El Hassab MA, Eldehna WM, Al-Rashood ST et al. GC/MS profiling, anti-collagenase, anti-elastase, anti-tyrosinase and anti-hyaluronidase activities of a Stenocarpus sinuatus leaves extract. Plants. 2022;11(7).
19.
Abdelbaset S, El-Kersh DM, Ayoub IM, Eldahshan OA. GC-MS profiling of Vitex pinnata bark lipophilic extract and screening of its anti-TB and cytotoxic activities. Nat Prod Res. 2022.
20.
Thabet AA, Moghannem S, Ayoub IM, Youssef FS, Al Sayed E, Singab ANB. GC/MS profiling of essential oils from Bontia daphnoides L., chemometric discrimination, isolation of dehydroepingaione and evaluation of antiviral activity. Sci Rep. 2022;12(1).
21.
Saeed Kotb S, Ayoub IM, El-Moghazy SA, Singab ANB. Profiling the lipophilic fractions of Pithecellobium dulce Bark and leaves using GC/MS and evaluation of their antioxidant, Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities. Chem Biodivers. 2020;17(7).
22.
Shahat EA, Bakr RO, Eldahshan OA, Ayoub NA. Chemical Composition and Biological activities of the essential oil from leaves and flowers of Pulicaria incisa sub. Candolleana (family Asteraceae). Chem Biodivers. 2017;14(4).
23.
Eldahshan OA, Halim AF. Comparison of the composition and antimicrobial activities of the essential oils of Green Branches and leaves of Egyptian Navel Orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck var. Malesy). Chem Biodivers. 2016;13(6).
24.
Singab AN, Mostafa NM, Eldahshan OA, Ashour ML, Wink M. Profile of volatile components of hydrodistilled and extracted leaves of Jacaranda acutifolia and their antimicrobial activity against foodborne pathogens. Nat Prod Commun. 2014;9(7).
25.
Abd El-Ghffar EA, El-Nashar HA, Eldahshan OA, Singab AN. GC-MS analysis and hepatoprotective activity of the n-hexane extract of Acrocarpus fraxinifolius leaves against Paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in male albino rats. Pharm Biol. 2017;55(1).
26.
Korany DA, Ayoub IM, Labib RM, El-Ahmady SH, Singab ANB. The impact of seasonal variation on the volatile profile of leaves and stems of Brownea grandiceps (Jacq.) With evaluation of their anti-mycobacterial and anti-inflammatory activities. South Afr J Bot. 2021;142.
27.
Ellman GL, Courtney KD, Andres V Jr, Featherstone RM. A new and rapid colorimetric determination of acetylcholinesterase activity. Biochem Pharmacol. 1961;7(2).
28.
Kia Y, Osman H, Kumar RS, Basiri A, Murugaiyah V. Ionic liquid mediated synthesis of mono- and bis-spirooxindole-hexahydropyrrolidines as cholinesterase inhibitors and their molecular docking studies. Bioorg Med Chem. 2014;22(4).
29.
Ayoub IM, George MY, Menze ET, Mahmoud M, Botros M, Essam M et al. Insights into the neuroprotective effects of Salvia officinalis L. and Salvia microphylla Kunth in the memory impairment rat model. Food Funct. 2022;13(4).
30.
Yehia SM, Ayoub IM, Watanabe M, Devkota HP, Singab ANB. Metabolic profiling, antioxidant, and enzyme inhibition potential of Iris pseudacorus L. from Egypt and Japan: a comparative study. Sci Rep. 2023;13(1).
31.
Ayoub IM, Abdel-Aziz MM, Elhady SS, Bagalagel AA, Malatani RT, Elkady WM. Valorization of Pimenta racemosa essential oils and extracts: GC-MS and LC-MS phytochemical profiling and evaluation of Helicobacter pylori Inhibitory Activity. Molecules. 2022;27(22).
32.
Gad H, Al-Sayed E, Ayoub I. Phytochemical discrimination of Pinus species based on GC–MS and ATR-IR analyses and their impact on Helicobacter pylori. Phytochem Anal. 2021;32(5).
33.
Shakri NM, Salleh WMNHW, Khamis S, Ali NAM, Shaharudin SM. Chemical composition of the essential oils of four Polyalthia species from Malaysia. Z für Naturforschung C. 2020;75:11–2.
34.
Dai DN, Thang TD, Ogunwande IA. Chemical composition of essential oils from the leaves and stem barks of Vietnamese species of Polyalthia Harmandii, Polyalthia jucunda and polyalthia thorelii. Nat Prod Res. 2014;28(8).
35.
Nyegue M, Amvam-Zollo P-H, Etoa F-X, Agnaniet H, Menut C. Chemical and Biological investigations of essential oils from stem barks of Enantia Chlorantha Oliv. And Polyalthia Suaveolens Engler. & Diels. From Cameroon. Nat Prod Commun. 2008;3(7).
36.
Popova V, Ivanova T, Prokopov T, Nikolova M, Stoyanova A, Zheljazkov VD. Carotenoid-Related Volatile compounds of Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) essential oils. Molecules. 2019;24:19.CrossRef
37.
Gyesi JN, Opoku R, Borquaye LS, Chemical Composition. Total Phenolic Content, and Antioxidant Activities of the Essential Oils of the Leaves and Fruit Pulp of Annona muricata L. (Soursop) from Ghana. Biochemistry Research International. 2019;2019.
38.
Khalid A, El-Gohary A. Effect of seasonal variations on essential oil production and composition of Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Grow in Egypt. Int Food Res J. 2014;21(5).
39.
Barros LSP, Santos da Cruz EdN, de Araújo Guimarães B, Setzer WN et al. Veras Mourão RH, do Rosário da Silva JK,. Chemometric analysis of the seasonal variation in the essential oil composition and antioxidant activity of a new geraniol chemotype of Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E.Br. ex Britton & P. Wilson from the Brazilian Amazon. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology. 2022;105.
40.
Parki A, Chaubey P, Prakash O, Kumar R, Pant AK, Accessions. Med (Basel Switzerland). 2017;4(4).
41.
El-Nashar HAS, Eldehna WM, Al-Rashood ST, Alharbi A, Eskandrani RO, Aly SH. GC/MS Analysis of Essential Oil and enzyme inhibitory activities of Syzygium cumini (Pamposia) grown in Egypt: Chemical characterization and molecular Docking studies. Molecules. 2021;26(22).
42.
Azab SS, Abdel Jaleel GA, Eldahshan OA. Anti-inflammatory and gastroprotective potential of leaf essential oil of Cinnamomum glanduliferum in ethanol-induced rat experimental gastritis. Pharm Biol. 2017;55(1).
43.
Son NT, Le TA, Thuy DT, Nguyen DL, Tuyen TT, Hoang Thi MD et al. Essential oils of the Leaf and Stem of Polyalthia Viridis Craib and their biological activities. Nat Prod Commun. 2021;16(9).
44.
Li X-b, Chen G-y, Song X-p, Han C-r. Shao T-m. composition and antimicrobial activities of essential oil of leaves of Polyalthia laui Merr. Tianran Chanwu Yanjiu Yu Kaifa. 2012;24(5).
45.
Nyegue MA, Ndoye-Foe F, Etoa F-X, Zollo et P-HA, Menut C. Study of Chemical Composition, Growth Inhibition and Antigerminative Effect of three essential oils from Cameroon on four Bacillus strains. J Essent Oil-Bear Plants. 2014;17(6).
46.
Orafidiya LO, Kaloustian J, Agbani EO, Portugal H, Adewoyin FB, Wojuola A, et al. Pesticidal and antimicrobial profile of the sesquiterpenerich leaf essential oil of Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn.) Thwaites. Int J Essent Oil Ther. 2010;4:1–2.
47.
Elhawary EA, Nilofar N, Zengin G, Eldahshan O. Variation of the essential oil components of Citrus aurantium leaves upon using different distillation techniques and evaluation of their antioxidant, antidiabetic, and neuroprotective effect against Alzheimer’s disease. BMC Complement Med Ther. 2024;24.
48.
Chen ZR, Huang JB, Yang SL, Hong FF. Role of Cholinergic Signaling in Alzheimer’s Disease. Molecules. 2022;27(6).
49.
McHardy SF, Wang HL, McCowen SV, Valdez MC. Recent advances in acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and reactivators: an update on the patent literature (2012–2015). Expert opinion on therapeutic patents. 2017;27(4).
50.
Jyotshna, Srivastava N, Singh B, Chanda D, Shanker K. Chemical composition and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of Artemisia maderaspatana essential oil. Pharm Biol. 2015;53(11).
51.
Salleh WMNHW, Shakri NM, Nafiah MA, Ghani NA, Abed SA, Abdel-Aal A-BM. Secondary metabolites from the stem bark of Polyalthia stenopetala (Hook. F. & Thomson) Ridl. and their acetylcholinesterase activity. Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assiut. 2023;46(1).
52.
Salleh W, Shakri NM, Nafiah MA, Khamis S. Chemical constituents and acetylcholinesterase activity from Polyalthia sumatrana (miq.) Kurz. Latin Amer Appl Res. 2022;52(1).
53.
Taqui R, Debnath M, Ahmed S, Ghosh A. Advances on plant extracts and phytocompounds with acetylcholinesterase inhibition activity for possible treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Phytomedicine Plus. 2022;2(1).
54.
Hung NH, Quan PM, Satyal P, Dai DN, Hoa VV, Huy NG et al. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities of essential oils from Vietnamese traditional Medicinal plants. Molecules. 2022;27(20).
55.
Zarrad K, Hamouda AB, Chaieb I, Laarif A, Jemâa JM-B. Chemical composition, fumigant and anti-acetylcholinesterase activity of the Tunisian Citrus aurantium L. essential oils. Ind Crops Prod. 2015;76.
56.
Dohi S, Terasaki M, Makino M. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity and chemical composition of commercial essential oils. J Agric Food Chem. 2009;57(10).
57.
Perry NS, Houghton PJ, Theobald A, Jenner P, Perry EK. In-vitro inhibition of human erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase by Salvia Lavandulaefolia essential oil and constituent terpenes. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2000;52(7).
58.
Hachlafi NEL, Aanniz T, Menyiy NE, Baaboua AE, Omari NE, Balahbib A et al. In Vitro and in vivo Biological investigations of Camphene and its mechanism insights: a review. Food Reviews Int. 2023;39(4).
59.
Miyazawa M, Yamafuji C. Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity by tea tree oil and constituent terpenoids. Flavour Fragr J. 2006;21(2).
60.
Jankowska M, Rogalska J, Wyszkowska J, Stankiewicz M. Molecular targets for components of essential oils in the insect nervous System—A review. Molecules. 2018;23(1).
61.
Bonesi M, Menichini F, Tundis R, Loizzo MR, Conforti F, Passalacqua NG et al. Acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of Pinus species essential oils and their constituents. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem. 2010;25(5).
62.
Kumar R, Kumar R, Sharma N, Khurana N. Ameliorative effect of myrcene in mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease. Eur J Pharmacol. 2021;911.
63.
Liu T-T, Chao LK-P, Hong K-S, Huang Y-J, Yang T-S. Composition and Insecticidal Activity of Essential Oil of Bacopa caroliniana and Interactive effects of Individual compounds on the activity. Insects. 2020;11(1).
64.
Arya A, Chahal R, Rao R, Rahman MH, Kaushik D, Akhtar MF et al. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitory potential of various sesquiterpene analogues for Alzheimer’s disease therapy. Biomolecules. 2021;11(3).
65.
Miyazawa M, Nakahashi H, Usami A, Matsuda N. Chemical composition, aroma evaluation, and inhibitory activity towards acetylcholinesterase of essential oils from Gynura bicolor DC. J Nat Med. 2016;70(2).
66.
Arslan ME, Türkez H, Mardinoğlu A. In vitro neuroprotective effects of farnesene sesquiterpene on alzheimer’s disease model of differentiated neuroblastoma cell line. Int J Neurosci. 2021;131(8).
67.
Formagio ASN, Vilegas W, Volobuff CRF, kassuya CAL, Cardoso CAL, Pereira ZV et al. Exploration of essential oil from Psychotria Poeppigiana as an anti-hyperalgesic and anti-acetylcholinesterase agent: Chemical composition, biological activity and molecular docking. J Ethnopharmacol. 2022;296.
68.
Miyazawa M, Watanabe H, Umemoto K, Kameoka H. Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity by Essential Oils of Mentha Species. J Agric Food Chem. 1998;46(9).
69.
Karakaya S, Yilmaz S, Özdemir Ö, Koca M, Pınar NM, Demirci B et al. A caryophyllene oxide and other potential anticholinesterase and anticancer agent in Salvia verticillata subsp. Amasiaca (Freyn & Bornm.) Bornm. (Lamiaceae). J Essent Oil Res. 2020;32.
70.
Sathya S, Manogari BG, Thamaraiselvi K, Vaidevi S, Ruckmani K, Devi KP. Phytol loaded PLGA nanoparticles ameliorate scopolamine-induced cognitive dysfunction by attenuating cholinesterase activity, oxidative stress and apoptosis in Wistar rat. Nutr Neurosci. 2022;25(3).
71.
Abed SA, Sirat HM, Taher M. Tyrosinase inhibition, anti-acetylcholinesterase, and antimicrobial activities of the phytochemicals from Gynotroches axillaris Blume. Pak J Pharm Sci. 2016;29(6).
72.
Gad HA, Ayoub IM, Wink M. Phytochemical profiling and seasonal variation of essential oils of three Callistemon species cultivated in Egypt. PLoS ONE. 2019;14(7).
73.
Benny A, Thomas J. Essential Oils as Treatment Strategy for Alzheimer’s Disease: Current and Future Perspectives. Planta Med. 2019;85(3).
74.
Sari S, Yilmaz M. Acetylcholinesterase inhibition, molecular docking and ADME prediction studies of new dihydrofuran-piperazine hybrid compounds. Med Chem Res. 2021;30(11).
Metadata
Title
The impact of seasonal variation on the composition of the volatile oil of Polyalthia suberosa (Roxb.) Thwaites leaves and evaluation of its acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity
Authors
Orchid A. Mahmoud
Iriny M. Ayoub
Omayma A. Eldahshan
Abdel Nasser B. Singab
Publication date
01-12-2024
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies / Issue 1/2024
Electronic ISSN: 2662-7671
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-024-04443-z

Other articles of this Issue 1/2024

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 1/2024 Go to the issue

Research

Anti-inflammatory effect of curcuminoids and their analogs in hyperosmotic human corneal limbus epithelial cells

Research

Cepharanthine synergistically promotes methylprednisolone pharmacodynamics against human peripheral blood mononuclear cells possibly via regulation of P-glycoprotein/glucocorticoid receptor translocation

Research

Does brain entrainment using binaural auditory beats affect pain perception in acute and chronic pain?: a systematic review

Research

Variation of the essential oil components of Citrus aurantium leaves upon using different distillation techniques and evaluation of their antioxidant, antidiabetic, and neuroprotective effect against Alzheimer’s disease

Research

Protective effect of Ganoderma lucidum-fermented crop extracts against hydrogen peroxide- or β-amyloid-induced damage in human neuronal SH-SY5Y cells

Study Protocol

Electroacupuncture efficacy in diabetic polyneuropathy: Study protocol for a double-blinded randomized controlled multicenter clinical trial