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BMC Psychiatry
Published in: BMC Psychiatry 1/2012

Open Access 01-12-2012 | Research article

Altered monocyte activation markers in Tourette’s syndrome: a case–control study

Authors: Judith Matz, Daniela L Krause, Sandra Dehning, Michael Riedel, Rudolf Gruber, Markus J Schwarz, Norbert Müller

Published in: BMC Psychiatry | Issue 1/2012

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Abstract

Background

Infections and immunological processes are likely to be involved in the pathogenesis of Tourette’s syndrome (TS). To determine possible common underlying immunological mechanisms, we focused on innate immunity and studied markers of inflammation, monocytes, and monocyte-derived cytokines.

Methods

In a cross-sectional study, we used current methods to determine the number of monocytes and levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) in 46 children, adolescents, and adult patients suffering from TS and in 43 healthy controls matched for age and sex. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin 6 (IL-6), soluble CD14 (sCD14), IL1-receptor antagonist (IL1-ra), and serum neopterin were detected by immunoassays.

Results

We found that CRP and neopterin levels and the number of monocytes were significantly higher in TS patients than in healthy controls. Serum concentrations of TNF-alpha, sIL1-ra, and sCD14 were significantly lower in TS patients. All measured values were within normal ranges and often close to detection limits.

Conclusions

The present results point to a monocyte dysregulation in TS. This possible dysbalance in innate immunity could predispose to infections or autoimmune reactions.
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Metadata
Title
Altered monocyte activation markers in Tourette’s syndrome: a case–control study
Authors
Judith Matz
Daniela L Krause
Sandra Dehning
Michael Riedel
Rudolf Gruber
Markus J Schwarz
Norbert Müller
Publication date
01-12-2012
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Psychiatry / Issue 1/2012
Electronic ISSN: 1471-244X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-244X-12-29

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