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01-11-2007 | Original Paper

Alcohol dehydrogenase 3 and risk of esophageal and gastric adenocarcinomas

Authors: Mary Beth Terry, Marilie D. Gammon, Fang Fang Zhang, Thomas L. Vaughan, Wong-Ho Chow, Harvey A. Risch, Janet B. Schoenberg, Susan T. Mayne, Janet L. Stanford, A. Brian West, Heidi Rotterdam, William J. Blot, Joseph F. Fraumeni Jr., Regina M. Santella

Published in: Cancer Causes & Control | Issue 9/2007

Abstract

Objectives

Alcohol increases esophageal squamous carcinoma risk but has been less consistently associated with esophageal adenocarcinoma. Alcohol dehydrogenase catalyzes the oxidation of approximately 80% of ethanol to acetaldehyde, a carcinogen. The alcohol dehydrogenase gene has several polymorphisms which may lead to faster conversion of ethanol to acetaldehyde, which may increase cancer risk.

Methods

We undertook a study to examine whether a common polymorphism in the alcohol dehydrogenase 3 gene was associated with a higher risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma using data and biological samples collected for the Esophageal and Gastric Cancer Study (n = 114 esophageal and gastric cardia adenocarcinoma, n = 60 non-cardia gastric carcinoma, n = 23 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and 160 controls).

Results

Individuals homozygous for ADH ₃ ^1–1 had a higher risk of each tumor type compared to individuals who had ADH ₃ ^2–2 or ADH ₃ ^1–2 genotype (OR = 1.7, 95% CI = 1.0–2.9 for esophageal and gastric cardia adenocarcinomas; OR = 1.7, 95% CI = 0.7–4.3 for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; and OR = 2.8, 95% CI = 1.5–5.1 for non-cardia gastric cancer). The elevation in risk from homozygosity of the ADH ₃ ¹ allele was seen in drinkers and nondrinkers, although the risk estimate was only significant for drinkers, particularly of liquor.

Conclusion

These data suggest ADH3 genotype may be associated with risk of esophageal and gastric cardia adenocarcinomas.

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Title: Alcohol dehydrogenase 3 and risk of esophageal and gastric adenocarcinomas
Authors: Mary Beth Terry
Marilie D. Gammon
Fang Fang Zhang
Thomas L. Vaughan
Wong-Ho Chow
Harvey A. Risch
Janet B. Schoenberg
Susan T. Mayne
Janet L. Stanford
A. Brian West
Heidi Rotterdam
William J. Blot
Joseph F. Fraumeni Jr.
Regina M. Santella
Publication date: 01-11-2007
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Published in: Cancer Causes & Control / Issue 9/2007
Print ISSN: 0957-5243
Electronic ISSN: 1573-7225
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-007-9046-0

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Abstract

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion

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