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Journal of Public Health
Published in: Journal of Public Health 6/2009

01-12-2009 | Original Article

After the launch of long-term care insurance in Germany: analyzing the transition of LTCI from 1999 to 2005 by state

Author: Emi Sato

Published in: Journal of Public Health | Issue 6/2009

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Abstract

Aims

This study focuses on the public long-term care insurance (LTCI) program in Germany, considers the progress of LTCI in view of economic indicators from the 16 inland states (Länder in Germany) from 1999 to 2005, shows transitions by each state, and describes the latest problems concerning the LTCI program.

Methods

A principal component analysis was conducted using 21 variables related to LTCI.

Results

Four interpretable significant principal components were found. Component I clearly demonstrated a relationship between individual economic strength and care. It is labeled economics for care. Component II is associated with the availability of home care services. It is labeled tendency to use home care services. Component III is related to the use of nursing homes. It is labeled tendency to use nursing homes. Component IV showed a relationship between aging and needing care. It is labeled aging and needing care. The economics for care component showed the highest scores for Baden-Württemberg and lowest scores for Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. The tendency to use home care services component showed Hamburg demonstrating the highest scores and Bayern the lowest scores. The tendency to use nursing homes component showed Schleswig-Holstein with the highest scores and Bremen with the lowest scores. The aging and needing care showed Schleswig-Holstein and Berlin with the highest scores and Sachsen with the lowest scores.

Conclusions

LTCI in Germany tended to become popular according to regional needs. The tendency of benefits for each region came to be recognized as fitting each local lifestyle, economic strength, size of population, and so on. City states appeared to use home care services. Other states seemed to prefer care at nursing homes to care at home. Furthermore, people seemed to prefer using professional home care services to using care allowances at home year by year. Finally, this study suggested that the number of people needing care tended to decrease even though aging progressed.
Literature
Cuellar AE, Wiener JM (2000) Can social insurance for long-term care work? The experience of Germany. Health Aff (Millwood) 19(3):8–25CrossRef
Rothgang H, Igl G (2007) Long-term care in Germany. Jpn J Soc Secur Policy 6(1):54–84
Schmähl W, Rothgang H (1996) The long-term costs of public long-term care insurance in Germany. Some guesstimates. In: Eisen R, Sloane FA (eds) Long-term care: economic issues and policy solutions, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, pp 181-222
Statistische Ämter des Bundes und der Länder (2007) Demografischer Wandel in Deutschland
Statistisches Bundesamt (2003) Bevölkerung Deutschlands bis 2050
Statistisches Bundesamt (2001, 2003, 2005, 2007) Pflegestatistik 1999, 2001, 2003, 2005
Statistisches Bundesamt (2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007) Statistisches Jahrbuch 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006
Metadata
Title
After the launch of long-term care insurance in Germany: analyzing the transition of LTCI from 1999 to 2005 by state
Author
Emi Sato
Publication date
01-12-2009
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Published in
Journal of Public Health / Issue 6/2009
Print ISSN: 2198-1833
Electronic ISSN: 1613-2238
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-009-0265-6

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