Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Journal of Gambling Studies 1/2019

01-03-2019 | Affective Disorder | Original Paper

Struggling with Happiness: A Pathway Leading Depression to Gambling Disorder

Authors: Guyonne Rogier, Giancarlo Picci, Patrizia Velotti

Published in: Journal of Gambling Studies | Issue 1/2019

Login to get access

Abstract

A number of studies have suggested that depressive mood might lead to the development and/or maintenance of a gambling disorder (GD). The pathways by which such relationships are fostered may involve deficits in emotional regulation capacity and dysfunctional coping styles. This study aims to explore the role played by depressive symptomatology and the regulation of positive emotion in GD. We administered the South Oaks Gambling Inventory (SOGS, Lesieur and Blume in Am J Psychiatry 144(9):1184–1188, 1987), the 21-item Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21, Lovibond and Lovibond in Manual for the depression anxiety stress scales. Psychology Foundation, Sydney, 1995) and the Kill-joy Thinking subscale of the Ways of Savouring Checklist (WOSC, Bryant and Veroff in Savoring: a new model of positive experience. Lawrence Erlbaum, Mahwah, 2007) to a sample of pathological gamblers (n = 91) and a sample of community participants (n = 105). The pathological gamblers scored higher on the DASS-21 subscales and obtained higher scores on the Kill-joy Thinking subscale of the WOSC compared to the controls. Moreover, the SOGS scores positively correlate with the DASS-21 subscales, and with the Kill-Joy Thinking measure. Finally, it is evident that Kill-joy Thinking fully mediates the relationship between depressive symptomatology and GD severity. Our results further confirm the roles of depression, anxiety and stress in GD. Moreover, this is the first study to explore the mediating role of dampening processes in the relationship between depression and GD. Future lines of research are also discussed.
Literature
go back to reference Afifi, T. O., Nicholson, R., Martins, S. S., & Sareen, J. (2016). A longitudinal study of the temporal relation between problem gambling and mental and substance use disorders among young adults. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 61(2), 102–111.PubMedCrossRef Afifi, T. O., Nicholson, R., Martins, S. S., & Sareen, J. (2016). A longitudinal study of the temporal relation between problem gambling and mental and substance use disorders among young adults. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 61(2), 102–111.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.CrossRef American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.CrossRef
go back to reference Balodis, I. M., Kober, H., Worhunsky, P. D., Stevens, M. C., Pearlson, G. D., & Potenza, M. N. (2012). Diminished frontostriatal activity during processing of monetary rewards and losses in pathological gambling. Biological Psychiatry, 71, 749–757.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Balodis, I. M., Kober, H., Worhunsky, P. D., Stevens, M. C., Pearlson, G. D., & Potenza, M. N. (2012). Diminished frontostriatal activity during processing of monetary rewards and losses in pathological gambling. Biological Psychiatry, 71, 749–757.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
go back to reference Balzarotti, S., Rogier, G., Tagliabue S., Velotti, P. (2018). Regulating positive emotions: A validation study of the Ways of savoring. Manuscript in preparation. Balzarotti, S., Rogier, G., Tagliabue S., Velotti, P. (2018). Regulating positive emotions: A validation study of the Ways of savoring. Manuscript in preparation.
go back to reference Beck, A. T. (1976). Cognitive therapy and the emotional disorders. New York: International Universities Press. Beck, A. T. (1976). Cognitive therapy and the emotional disorders. New York: International Universities Press.
go back to reference Blain, B., Gill, P. R., & Teese, R. (2015). Predicting problem gambling in Australian adults using a multifaceted model of impulsivity. International Gambling Studies, 15(2), 239–255.CrossRef Blain, B., Gill, P. R., & Teese, R. (2015). Predicting problem gambling in Australian adults using a multifaceted model of impulsivity. International Gambling Studies, 15(2), 239–255.CrossRef
go back to reference Blaszczynski, A., & Farrell, E. (1998). A case series of 44 completed gambling-related suicides. Journal of Gambling Studies, 14(2), 93–109.PubMedCrossRef Blaszczynski, A., & Farrell, E. (1998). A case series of 44 completed gambling-related suicides. Journal of Gambling Studies, 14(2), 93–109.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Blaszczynski, A., & Nower, L. (2002). A pathways model of problem and pathological gambling. Addiction, 97(5), 487–499.PubMedCrossRef Blaszczynski, A., & Nower, L. (2002). A pathways model of problem and pathological gambling. Addiction, 97(5), 487–499.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Bottesi, G., Ghisi, M., Altoè, G., Conforti, E., Melli, G., & Sica, C. (2015). The Italian version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21: Factor structure and psychometric properties on community and clinical samples. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 60, 170–181.PubMedCrossRef Bottesi, G., Ghisi, M., Altoè, G., Conforti, E., Melli, G., & Sica, C. (2015). The Italian version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21: Factor structure and psychometric properties on community and clinical samples. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 60, 170–181.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Bryant, F. B., & Veroff, J. (2007). Savoring: A new model of positive experience. Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum. Bryant, F. B., & Veroff, J. (2007). Savoring: A new model of positive experience. Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum.
go back to reference Bylsma, L. M., Morris, B. H., & Rottenberg, J. (2008). A meta-analysis of emotional reactivity in major depressive disorder. Clinical Psychology Review, 28(4), 676–691.PubMedCrossRef Bylsma, L. M., Morris, B. H., & Rottenberg, J. (2008). A meta-analysis of emotional reactivity in major depressive disorder. Clinical Psychology Review, 28(4), 676–691.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Carl, J. R., Soskin, D. P., Kerns, C., & Barlow, D. H. (2013). Positive emotion regulation in emotional disorders: A theoretical review. Clinical Psychology Review, 33(3), 343–360.PubMedCrossRef Carl, J. R., Soskin, D. P., Kerns, C., & Barlow, D. H. (2013). Positive emotion regulation in emotional disorders: A theoretical review. Clinical Psychology Review, 33(3), 343–360.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Chase, H. W., & Clark, L. (2010). Gambling severity predicts midbrain response to near-miss outcomes. Journal of Neuroscience, 30, 6180–6187.PubMedCrossRef Chase, H. W., & Clark, L. (2010). Gambling severity predicts midbrain response to near-miss outcomes. Journal of Neuroscience, 30, 6180–6187.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Comings, D. E., & Blum, K. (2000). Reward deficiency syndrome: Genetic aspects of behavioral disorders. Progress in Brain Research, 126, 325–341.PubMedCrossRef Comings, D. E., & Blum, K. (2000). Reward deficiency syndrome: Genetic aspects of behavioral disorders. Progress in Brain Research, 126, 325–341.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Chou, K. L., & Afifi, T. O. (2011). Disordered (pathologic or problem) gambling and axis I psychiatric disorders: Results from the national epidemiologic survey on alcohol and related conditions. American Journal of Epidemiology, 173(11), 1289–1297.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Chou, K. L., & Afifi, T. O. (2011). Disordered (pathologic or problem) gambling and axis I psychiatric disorders: Results from the national epidemiologic survey on alcohol and related conditions. American Journal of Epidemiology, 173(11), 1289–1297.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
go back to reference Cyders, M. A., & Smith, G. T. (2008). Emotion-based dispositions to rash action: Positive and negative urgency. Psychological Bulletin, 134(6), 807–828.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Cyders, M. A., & Smith, G. T. (2008). Emotion-based dispositions to rash action: Positive and negative urgency. Psychological Bulletin, 134(6), 807–828.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
go back to reference Cyders, M. A., Smith, G. T., Spillane, N. S., Fischer, S., Annus, A. M., & Peterson, C. (2007). Integration of impulsivity and positive mood to predict risky behavior: Development and validation of a measure of positive urgency. Psychological Assessment, 19(1), 107–118.PubMedCrossRef Cyders, M. A., Smith, G. T., Spillane, N. S., Fischer, S., Annus, A. M., & Peterson, C. (2007). Integration of impulsivity and positive mood to predict risky behavior: Development and validation of a measure of positive urgency. Psychological Assessment, 19(1), 107–118.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference de Ruiter, M. B., Veltman, D. J., Goudriaan, A. E., Oosterlaan, J., Sjoerds, Z., & van den Brink, W. (2009). Response perseveration and ventral prefrontal sensitivity to reward and punishment in male problem gamblers and smokers. Neuropsychopharmacology, 34, 1027–1038.PubMedCrossRef de Ruiter, M. B., Veltman, D. J., Goudriaan, A. E., Oosterlaan, J., Sjoerds, Z., & van den Brink, W. (2009). Response perseveration and ventral prefrontal sensitivity to reward and punishment in male problem gamblers and smokers. Neuropsychopharmacology, 34, 1027–1038.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Devos, G., Clark, L., Maurage, P., & Billieux, J. (2018). Induced sadness increases persistence in a simulated slot machine task among recreational gamblers. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 32(3), 383–388.PubMedCrossRef Devos, G., Clark, L., Maurage, P., & Billieux, J. (2018). Induced sadness increases persistence in a simulated slot machine task among recreational gamblers. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 32(3), 383–388.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Dimaggio, G., Popolo, R., Montano, A., Velotti, P., Perrini, F., Buonocore, L., et al. (2017). Emotion dysregulation, symptoms, and interpersonal problems as independent predictors of a broad range of personality disorders in an outpatient sample. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 90(4), 586–599.CrossRef Dimaggio, G., Popolo, R., Montano, A., Velotti, P., Perrini, F., Buonocore, L., et al. (2017). Emotion dysregulation, symptoms, and interpersonal problems as independent predictors of a broad range of personality disorders in an outpatient sample. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 90(4), 586–599.CrossRef
go back to reference Dussault, F., Brendgen, M., Vitaro, F., Wanner, B., & Tremblay, R. E. (2011). Longitudinal links between impulsivity, gambling problems and depressive symptoms: a transactional model from adolescence to early adulthood. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52(2), 130–138.PubMedCrossRef Dussault, F., Brendgen, M., Vitaro, F., Wanner, B., & Tremblay, R. E. (2011). Longitudinal links between impulsivity, gambling problems and depressive symptoms: a transactional model from adolescence to early adulthood. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52(2), 130–138.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Eisner, L. R., Johnson, S. L., & Carver, C. S. (2009). Positive affect regulation in anxiety disorders. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 23(5), 645–649.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Eisner, L. R., Johnson, S. L., & Carver, C. S. (2009). Positive affect regulation in anxiety disorders. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 23(5), 645–649.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
go back to reference el-Guebaly, N., Patten, S. B., Currie, S., Williams, J. V. A., Beck, C. A., Maxwell, C. J., et al. (2006). Epidemiological associations between gambling behavior, substance use and mood and anxiety disorders. Journal of Gambling Studies, 22(3), 275–287.PubMedCrossRef el-Guebaly, N., Patten, S. B., Currie, S., Williams, J. V. A., Beck, C. A., Maxwell, C. J., et al. (2006). Epidemiological associations between gambling behavior, substance use and mood and anxiety disorders. Journal of Gambling Studies, 22(3), 275–287.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Feldman, G. C., Joormann, J., & Johnson, S. L. (2008). Responses to positive affect: A self-report measure of rumination and dampening. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 32(4), 507–525.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Feldman, G. C., Joormann, J., & Johnson, S. L. (2008). Responses to positive affect: A self-report measure of rumination and dampening. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 32(4), 507–525.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
go back to reference Garland, E. (2016). Restructuring reward processing with Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement: novel therapeutic mechanisms to remediate hedonic dysregulation in addiction, stress, and pain. Blackwell Publishing Inc. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.13034 Garland, E. (2016). Restructuring reward processing with Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement: novel therapeutic mechanisms to remediate hedonic dysregulation in addiction, stress, and pain. Blackwell Publishing Inc. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1111/​nyas.​13034
go back to reference Giddens, J. L., Stefanovics, E., Pilver, C. E., Desai, R., & Potenza, M. N. (2012). Pathological gambling severity and co-occuring psychiatric disorders in individuals with and without anxiety disorders in a nationally representative sample. Psychiatry Research, 199(1), 58–64.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Giddens, J. L., Stefanovics, E., Pilver, C. E., Desai, R., & Potenza, M. N. (2012). Pathological gambling severity and co-occuring psychiatric disorders in individuals with and without anxiety disorders in a nationally representative sample. Psychiatry Research, 199(1), 58–64.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
go back to reference Griffiths, M. (1995). The role of subjective mood states in the maintenance of fruit machine gambling behavior. Journal of Gambling Studies, 11(2), 123–135.PubMedCrossRef Griffiths, M. (1995). The role of subjective mood states in the maintenance of fruit machine gambling behavior. Journal of Gambling Studies, 11(2), 123–135.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Gruber, J., Oveis, C., Keltner, D., & Johnson, S. L. (2011). A discrete emotions approach to positive emotion disturbance in depression. Cognition and Emotion, 25(1), 40–52.PubMedCrossRef Gruber, J., Oveis, C., Keltner, D., & Johnson, S. L. (2011). A discrete emotions approach to positive emotion disturbance in depression. Cognition and Emotion, 25(1), 40–52.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Guerreschi, C., & Gander, S. (2002). Versione italiana del South Oaks Gambling Screen SOGS di H. R. Lesieur e S. B. Blume. In Guerreschi C., Giocati dal gioco. Quando il divertimento diventa una malattia: il gioco d’azzardo patologico. Milano: San Paolo. Guerreschi, C., & Gander, S. (2002). Versione italiana del South Oaks Gambling Screen SOGS di H. R. Lesieur e S. B. Blume. In Guerreschi C., Giocati dal gioco. Quando il divertimento diventa una malattia: il gioco d’azzardo patologico. Milano: San Paolo.
go back to reference Haw, J. (2017). Impulsivity predictors of problem gambling and impaired control. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 15(1), 154–165.CrossRef Haw, J. (2017). Impulsivity predictors of problem gambling and impaired control. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 15(1), 154–165.CrossRef
go back to reference Jacobs, D. F. (1986). A general theory of addictions: A new theoretical model. Journal of Gambling Behavior, 2(1), 15–31.CrossRef Jacobs, D. F. (1986). A general theory of addictions: A new theoretical model. Journal of Gambling Behavior, 2(1), 15–31.CrossRef
go back to reference Jauregui, P., Estévez, A., & Urbiola, I. (2016). Pathological gambling and associated drug and alcohol abuse, emotion regulation, and anxious-depressive symptomatology. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 5(2), 251–260.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Jauregui, P., Estévez, A., & Urbiola, I. (2016). Pathological gambling and associated drug and alcohol abuse, emotion regulation, and anxious-depressive symptomatology. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 5(2), 251–260.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
go back to reference Joutsa, J., Johansson, J., Niemela, S., Ollikainen, A., Hirvonen, M. M., & Piepponen, P. (2012). Mesolimbic dopamine release is linked to symptom severity in pathological gambling. Neuroimage, 60, 1992–1999.PubMedCrossRef Joutsa, J., Johansson, J., Niemela, S., Ollikainen, A., Hirvonen, M. M., & Piepponen, P. (2012). Mesolimbic dopamine release is linked to symptom severity in pathological gambling. Neuroimage, 60, 1992–1999.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Kessler, R. C., Hwang, I., LaBrie, R., Petukhova, M., Sampson, N. A., Winters, K. C., et al. (2008). The prevalence and correlates of DSM-IV pathological gambling in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Psychological Medicine, 38(9), 1351–1360.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Kessler, R. C., Hwang, I., LaBrie, R., Petukhova, M., Sampson, N. A., Winters, K. C., et al. (2008). The prevalence and correlates of DSM-IV pathological gambling in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Psychological Medicine, 38(9), 1351–1360.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
go back to reference Kim, S. W., Grant, J. E., Eckert, E. D., Faris, P. L., & Hartman, B. K. (2006). Pathological gambling and mood disorders: Clinical associations and treatment implications. Journal of Affective Disorders, 92(1), 109–116.PubMedCrossRef Kim, S. W., Grant, J. E., Eckert, E. D., Faris, P. L., & Hartman, B. K. (2006). Pathological gambling and mood disorders: Clinical associations and treatment implications. Journal of Affective Disorders, 92(1), 109–116.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Larson, C. L., Nitschke, J. B., & Davidson, R. J. (2007). Common and distinct patterns of affective response in dimensions of anxiety and depression. Emotion, 7(1), 182–191.PubMedCrossRef Larson, C. L., Nitschke, J. B., & Davidson, R. J. (2007). Common and distinct patterns of affective response in dimensions of anxiety and depression. Emotion, 7(1), 182–191.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Lesieur, H. R. (2001). Cluster analysis of types of inpatient pathological gamblers. Dissertation Abstracts International, 62, 2065. Lesieur, H. R. (2001). Cluster analysis of types of inpatient pathological gamblers. Dissertation Abstracts International, 62, 2065.
go back to reference Lesieur, H. R., & Blume, S. B. (1987). The South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS): A new instrument for the identification of pathological gamblers. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 144(9), 1184–1188.PubMedCrossRef Lesieur, H. R., & Blume, S. B. (1987). The South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS): A new instrument for the identification of pathological gamblers. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 144(9), 1184–1188.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Lorains, F. K., Cowlishaw, S., & Thomas, S. A. (2011). Prevalence of comorbid disorders in problem and pathological gambling: Systematic review and meta-analysis of population surveys. Addiction, 106(3), 490–498.PubMedCrossRef Lorains, F. K., Cowlishaw, S., & Thomas, S. A. (2011). Prevalence of comorbid disorders in problem and pathological gambling: Systematic review and meta-analysis of population surveys. Addiction, 106(3), 490–498.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Lovibond, S. H., & Lovibond, P. F. (1995). Manual for the depression anxiety stress scales. Sydney: Psychology Foundation. Lovibond, S. H., & Lovibond, P. F. (1995). Manual for the depression anxiety stress scales. Sydney: Psychology Foundation.
go back to reference McConaghy, N., Armstrong, M. S., Blaszczynski, A., & Allcock, C. (1988). Behavior completion versus stimulus control in compulsive gambling: Implications for behavioral assessment. Behavior Modification, 12(3), 371–384.PubMedCrossRef McConaghy, N., Armstrong, M. S., Blaszczynski, A., & Allcock, C. (1988). Behavior completion versus stimulus control in compulsive gambling: Implications for behavioral assessment. Behavior Modification, 12(3), 371–384.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference McDougall, J. (2004). L’economie psychique de l’addiction [The psychic economy of addiction]. Revue Française De Psychanalyse, 68(2), 511–527.CrossRef McDougall, J. (2004). L’economie psychique de l’addiction [The psychic economy of addiction]. Revue Française De Psychanalyse, 68(2), 511–527.CrossRef
go back to reference Miyamoto, Y., & Ma, X. (2011). Dampening or savoring positive emotions: A dialectical cultural script guides emotion regulation. Emotion, 11(6), 1346–1357.PubMedCrossRef Miyamoto, Y., & Ma, X. (2011). Dampening or savoring positive emotions: A dialectical cultural script guides emotion regulation. Emotion, 11(6), 1346–1357.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Navas, J. F., Billieux, J., Verdejo-García, A., & Perales, J. C. (2018). Neurocognitive components of gambling disorder: Implications for policy, prevention, and treatment. In H. Bowden-Jones, C. Dickson, C. Dunand, & O. Simon (Eds.), Harm reduction for problem gambling: A public health approach (p. 2018). Abingdon: Routledge. Navas, J. F., Billieux, J., Verdejo-García, A., & Perales, J. C. (2018). Neurocognitive components of gambling disorder: Implications for policy, prevention, and treatment. In H. Bowden-Jones, C. Dickson, C. Dunand, & O. Simon (Eds.), Harm reduction for problem gambling: A public health approach (p. 2018). Abingdon: Routledge.
go back to reference Parhami, I., Mojtabai, R., Rosenthal, R. J., Afifi, T. O., & Fong, T. W. (2014). Gambling and the onset of comorbid mental disorders: A longitudinal study evaluating severity and specific symptoms. Journal of Psychiatric Practice, 20(3), 207–219.PubMedCrossRef Parhami, I., Mojtabai, R., Rosenthal, R. J., Afifi, T. O., & Fong, T. W. (2014). Gambling and the onset of comorbid mental disorders: A longitudinal study evaluating severity and specific symptoms. Journal of Psychiatric Practice, 20(3), 207–219.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Petry, N. M., & Kiluk, B. D. (2002). Suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in treatment-seeking pathological gamblers. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 190(7), 462–469.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Petry, N. M., & Kiluk, B. D. (2002). Suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in treatment-seeking pathological gamblers. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 190(7), 462–469.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
go back to reference Raes, F., Smets, J., Nelis, S., & Schoofs, H. (2012). Dampening of positive affect prospectively predicts depressive symptoms in non-clinical samples. Cognition and Emotion, 26(1), 75–82.PubMedCrossRef Raes, F., Smets, J., Nelis, S., & Schoofs, H. (2012). Dampening of positive affect prospectively predicts depressive symptoms in non-clinical samples. Cognition and Emotion, 26(1), 75–82.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Reuter, J., Raedler, T., Rose, M., Hand, I., Glascher, J., & Buchel, C. (2005). Pathological gambling is linked to reduced activation of the mesolimbic reward system. Nature Neuroscience, 8, 147–148.PubMedCrossRef Reuter, J., Raedler, T., Rose, M., Hand, I., Glascher, J., & Buchel, C. (2005). Pathological gambling is linked to reduced activation of the mesolimbic reward system. Nature Neuroscience, 8, 147–148.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Roberts, A., Sharman, S., Coid, J., Murphy, R., Bowden-Jones, H., Cowlishaw, S., et al. (2017). Gambling and negative life events in a nationally representative sample of UK men. Addictive Behaviors, 75, 95–102.PubMedCrossRef Roberts, A., Sharman, S., Coid, J., Murphy, R., Bowden-Jones, H., Cowlishaw, S., et al. (2017). Gambling and negative life events in a nationally representative sample of UK men. Addictive Behaviors, 75, 95–102.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Rogier, G., Velotti, P., & Zavattini, G. C. (2017). Gioco d’azzardo ed antisocialità: riflessioni su un’emergenza sociale. Giornale Italiano di Psicologia, 44(2), 219–248. Rogier, G., Velotti, P., & Zavattini, G. C. (2017). Gioco d’azzardo ed antisocialità: riflessioni su un’emergenza sociale. Giornale Italiano di Psicologia, 44(2), 219–248.
go back to reference Salk, R. H., Hyde, J. S., & Abramson, L. Y. (2017). Gender differences in depression in representative national samples: Meta-analyses of diagnoses and symptoms. Psychological Bulletin, 143(8), 783–822.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Salk, R. H., Hyde, J. S., & Abramson, L. Y. (2017). Gender differences in depression in representative national samples: Meta-analyses of diagnoses and symptoms. Psychological Bulletin, 143(8), 783–822.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
go back to reference Sharpe, L. (2002). A reformulated cognitive-behavioral model of problem gambling: A biopsychosocial perspective. Clinical Psychology Review, 22(1), 1–25.PubMedCrossRef Sharpe, L. (2002). A reformulated cognitive-behavioral model of problem gambling: A biopsychosocial perspective. Clinical Psychology Review, 22(1), 1–25.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Smith, J. L., & Hollinger-Smith, L. (2015). Savoring, resilience, and psychological well-being in older adults. Aging & Mental Health, 19(3), 192–200.CrossRef Smith, J. L., & Hollinger-Smith, L. (2015). Savoring, resilience, and psychological well-being in older adults. Aging & Mental Health, 19(3), 192–200.CrossRef
go back to reference Steward, T., Mestre-Bach, G., Fernàndez-Aranda, F., Granero, R., Perales, J. C., Navas, J. F., et al. (2017). Delay discounting and impulsivity traits in young and older gambling disorder patients. Addictive Behaviors, 71, 96–103.PubMedCrossRef Steward, T., Mestre-Bach, G., Fernàndez-Aranda, F., Granero, R., Perales, J. C., Navas, J. F., et al. (2017). Delay discounting and impulsivity traits in young and older gambling disorder patients. Addictive Behaviors, 71, 96–103.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Straszewski, T., & Siegel, J. T. (2018). Positive emotion infusions: Can savoring increase help-seeking intentions among people with depression? Applied Psychology: Health and Well Being, 10(1), 171–190. Straszewski, T., & Siegel, J. T. (2018). Positive emotion infusions: Can savoring increase help-seeking intentions among people with depression? Applied Psychology: Health and Well Being, 10(1), 171–190.
go back to reference Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54(6), 1063–1070.PubMedCrossRef Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54(6), 1063–1070.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Weinberg, A., Liu, H., Hajcak, G., & Shankman, S. A. (2015). Blunted neural response to rewards as a vulnerability factor for depression: Results from a family study. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 124(4), 878–889.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Weinberg, A., Liu, H., Hajcak, G., & Shankman, S. A. (2015). Blunted neural response to rewards as a vulnerability factor for depression: Results from a family study. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 124(4), 878–889.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
go back to reference Williams, A. D., Grisham, J. R., Erskine, A., & Cassedy, E. (2012). Deficits in emotion regulation associated with pathological gambling. The British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 51(2), 223–238.PubMedCrossRef Williams, A. D., Grisham, J. R., Erskine, A., & Cassedy, E. (2012). Deficits in emotion regulation associated with pathological gambling. The British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 51(2), 223–238.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Wood, J. V., Heimpel, S. A., & Michela, J. L. (2003). Savoring versus dampening: Self-esteem differences in regulating positive affect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(3), 566–580.PubMedCrossRef Wood, J. V., Heimpel, S. A., & Michela, J. L. (2003). Savoring versus dampening: Self-esteem differences in regulating positive affect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(3), 566–580.PubMedCrossRef
Metadata
Title
Struggling with Happiness: A Pathway Leading Depression to Gambling Disorder
Authors
Guyonne Rogier
Giancarlo Picci
Patrizia Velotti
Publication date
01-03-2019
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Journal of Gambling Studies / Issue 1/2019
Electronic ISSN: 1573-3602
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10899-018-09825-w

Other articles of this Issue 1/2019

Journal of Gambling Studies 1/2019 Go to the issue