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European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience

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01-08-2020 | Acute Stress Disorder | Original Paper

Reduced gray matter volume in the left prefrontal, occipital, and temporal regions as predictors for posttraumatic stress disorder: a voxel-based morphometric study

Authors: Jan Christopher Cwik, Nils Vahle, Marcella Lydia Woud, Denise Potthoff, Henrik Kessler, Gudrun Sartory, Rüdiger J. Seitz

Published in: European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience | Issue 5/2020

Abstract

The concept of acute stress disorder (ASD) was introduced as a diagnostic entity to improve the identification of traumatized people who are likely to develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Neuroanatomical models suggest that changes in the prefrontal cortex, amygdala, and hippocampus play a role in the development of PTSD. Using voxel-based morphometry, this study aimed to investigate the predictive power of gray matter volume (GMV) alterations for developing PTSD. The GMVs of ASD patients (n = 21) were compared to those of PTSD patients (n = 17) and healthy controls (n = 18) in whole-brain and region-of-interest analyses. The GMV alterations seen in ASD patients shortly after the traumatic event (T1) were also correlated with PTSD symptom severity and symptom clusters 4 weeks later (T2). Compared with healthy controls, the ASD patients had significantly reduced GMV in the left visual cortex shortly after the traumatic event (T1) and in the left occipital and prefrontal regions 4 weeks later (T2); no significant differences in GMV were seen between the ASD and PTSD patients. Furthermore, a significant negative association was found between the GMV reduction in the left lateral temporal regions seen after the traumatic event (T1) and PTSD hyperarousal symptoms 4 weeks later (T2). Neither amygdala nor hippocampus alterations were predictive for the development of PTSD. These data suggest that gray matter deficiencies in the left hemispheric occipital and temporal regions in ASD patients may predict a liability for developing PTSD.

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Title: Reduced gray matter volume in the left prefrontal, occipital, and temporal regions as predictors for posttraumatic stress disorder: a voxel-based morphometric study
Authors: Jan Christopher Cwik
Nils Vahle
Marcella Lydia Woud
Denise Potthoff
Henrik Kessler
Gudrun Sartory
Rüdiger J. Seitz
Publication date: 01-08-2020
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Keywords: Acute Stress Disorder
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Published in: European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience / Issue 5/2020
Print ISSN: 0940-1334
Electronic ISSN: 1433-8491
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-019-01011-2

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Reduced gray matter volume in the left prefrontal, occipital, and temporal regions as predictors for posttraumatic stress disorder: a voxel-based morphometric study

Abstract

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

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