Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

LIVE: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)
Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology
Published in: European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology 2/2009

01-02-2009 | Case Report

Acute laryngeal and bronchial obstruction after CS (o-chlorobenzylidenemalononitrile) gas inhalation

Authors: E. Karaman, S. Erturan, C. Duman, M. Yaman, G. Unal Duman

Published in: European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology | Issue 2/2009

Login to get access

Abstract

CS gas (o-chlorobenzylidenemalononitrile) is one of the most commonly used riot agents. It can create excessive tearing, conjunctivitis, uncontrolled blinking (blepharospasm) and a sensation of burning and pain at initial exposure. Pulmonary edema (ARDS) and/or diffuse airway lesions on human would be lethal after CS inhalation. We report a case with acute laryngeal and bronchial obstruction due to vocal cord edema and extensive crusting at glottic level, trachea and bronchi. The CS gas was sprayed in a 6 × 6 m2 closed room, and she was exposed to increased concentration of the gas for 10 s. Surprisingly, her initial symptoms were raised 21 days after CS spray exposure.
Literature
1.
Salem H, Olajos EJ, Katz SA (2001) Riot-control agents. In: Somani SM, Romano JA Jr (eds) Chemical warfare agents: toxicity at low levels. CRC Press LLC, Danvers, pp 321–372
2.
Hill AR, Silverberg NB, Mayorga D et al (2000) Medical hazards of the tear gas CS: a case persistent, multisystem, hypersensitivity reaction and review of the literature. Medicine 79:234–240PubMedCrossRef
3.
Anderson PJ, Lau GSN, Taylor WRJ et al (1996) Acute effects of the potent lacrimator o-chlorobenzylidene malononitrile (CS) tear gas. Hum Exp Toxicol 15:461–465PubMedCrossRef
4.
National Poisons Information Service (London), March 1996 [News Sheet]
5.
Karagama YG, Newton JR, Newbegin CJR (2003) Short-term and long-term physical effects of exposure to CS spray. J R Soc Med 96:172–174PubMedCrossRef
6.
Bothe M, Ronzitti N, Rosas A (eds) (1998) The new chemical weapons convention—implementation and prospects. Kluwer Law International, The Hague, p 17
7.
Cotes JE, Dabbs JM, Evans MR et al (1972) Effect of CS aerosol upon lung gas transfer and alveolar volume in healthy men. Q J Exp Physiol 57:199–206
Metadata
Title
Acute laryngeal and bronchial obstruction after CS (o-chlorobenzylidenemalononitrile) gas inhalation
Authors
E. Karaman
S. Erturan
C. Duman
M. Yaman
G. Unal Duman
Publication date
01-02-2009
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Published in
European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology / Issue 2/2009
Print ISSN: 0937-4477
Electronic ISSN: 1434-4726
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-008-0653-5

Other articles of this Issue 2/2009

European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology 2/2009 Go to the issue

Miscellaneous

The annoyance of snoring

Review Article

Update on hemangiomas and vascular malformations of the head and neck

Head and Neck

Integrated media presentation in multidisciplinary head and neck oncology meetings

Rhinology

Cranio-caudal transdomal sutures for the nasal tip correction

Otology

Pedaudiologic findings after severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia

Rhinology

Histopathological examination of the effects of radiofrequency treatment on mucosa in patients with inferior nasal concha hypertrophy