Skip to main content
Top
Published in: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 1/2015

Open Access 01-12-2015 | Research article

Acupuncture at KI3 in healthy volunteers induces specific cortical functional activity: an fMRI study

Authors: Bo Zhu, Yanjie Wang, Guifeng Zhang, Huailiang Ouyang, Jiping Zhang, Yu Zheng, Shaoqun Zhang, Chunxiao Wu, Shanshan Qu, Junqi Chen, Yong Huang, Chunzhi Tang

Published in: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies | Issue 1/2015

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we determined brain regions that were activated/deactivated more by acupuncture at Taixi (KI3) than by non-acupoint or sham acupuncture.

Methods

A total of 30 healthy volunteers were randomly divided into a KI3 group (15 subjects) and non-acupoint group (15 subjects). Subjects in KI3 group received a sham acupuncture and then a real acupuncture, fMRI was performed before and after sham acupuncture as well as after ture acupuncture. Subjects in non-acupoint group received a ture acupuncture and the fMRI was performed before and after ture acupuncture. The fMRI data obtained were successively analyzed using DPARSF2.3 and REST1.8 software, yielding regional homogeneity (ReHo) and amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFF) values.

Results

Compared with sham acupuncture, ALFF values were higher in Brodmann area (BA) 10 and lower in BA7 and BA18. ReHo values after real acupuncture at KI3 were higher in the right sub-lobar region and BA10 and were lower in BA31. Compared with the changes before and after real acupuncture at non-acupoint, the changes at KI3 showed higher ALFF valued in the left cerebellum posterior lobe, BA10, BA39, BA31 and decreased ALFF was observed in the BA18, BA19 and BA40; and higher ReHo values were shown in left cerebellum posterior lobe pyramis, left cerebellum anterior lobe. BA37, BA10, BA39, BA31 and lower ReHo values were shown in BA18 and BA31.

Conclusion

Acupuncture at KI3 has a specific effect on certain brain regions associated with perception, body movement, spirit, and association. Additionally, visual and auditory cortices were affected, which may be related to the clinical applications of KI3 acupuncture in auditory and cognitive disorders, hypomnesis, loss of concentration, and the loss of ability to work and learn.

Trial registration

The research ethics committee was achieved at 01/08/2012, the NO. was ChiECRCT-2012011. Website for Clinical Trial Registration: http://​www.​chictr.​org.​cn/​showproj.​aspx?​proj=​7123.
This study was registered at www.chictr.org, the Clinical Trial Registration Number was ChiCTR-TRC-12002427, and the registration number was achieved at 18/08/2012. The name of IRB that provided approval for the study and clearly state is Chinese Clinical Trail Registry.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Li CR, Lin Y, Guan HY, Liang ZR, Zhang ZX, Kim A, et al. Different Surface Electromyography of Propagated Sensation along Meridians Produced by Acupuncturing Quchi Acupoint (LI11) or Control Points. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:198451. doi:10.1155/2013/198451.PubMedPubMedCentral Li CR, Lin Y, Guan HY, Liang ZR, Zhang ZX, Kim A, et al. Different Surface Electromyography of Propagated Sensation along Meridians Produced by Acupuncturing Quchi Acupoint (LI11) or Control Points. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:198451. doi:10.​1155/​2013/​198451.PubMedPubMedCentral
2.
go back to reference Zhang WB, Wang LL, Xie HH, Li H, Tian YY. Comparison of Acupuncture Effect on Blood Perfusion between Needling Nonacupoint on Meridian and Needling Nonacupoint off Meridian. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:426052. doi:10.1155/2013/426052.PubMedPubMedCentral Zhang WB, Wang LL, Xie HH, Li H, Tian YY. Comparison of Acupuncture Effect on Blood Perfusion between Needling Nonacupoint on Meridian and Needling Nonacupoint off Meridian. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:426052. doi:10.​1155/​2013/​426052.PubMedPubMedCentral
3.
go back to reference Hsiu H, Hsu WC, Hsu CL, Huang SM. Assessing the effects of acupuncture by comparing needling the hegu acupoint and needling nearby nonacupoints by spectral analysis of microcirculatory laser Doppler signals. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:435928. doi:10.1093/ecam/neq073.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Hsiu H, Hsu WC, Hsu CL, Huang SM. Assessing the effects of acupuncture by comparing needling the hegu acupoint and needling nearby nonacupoints by spectral analysis of microcirculatory laser Doppler signals. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:435928. doi:10.​1093/​ecam/​neq073.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
4.
go back to reference Linde K, Streng A, Jürgens S, Hoppe A, Brinkhaus B, Witt C, et al. Acupucnture for patients with migrane: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2005;293(17):2118–25.CrossRefPubMed Linde K, Streng A, Jürgens S, Hoppe A, Brinkhaus B, Witt C, et al. Acupucnture for patients with migrane: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2005;293(17):2118–25.CrossRefPubMed
6.
go back to reference Ma CY, Huang Q, Wan WJ, Zhou L, Tang L, Wang YF, et al. Effects of syndrome-differentiation acupuncture on life quality in patients with functional dyspepsia. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2014;34(2):125–9.PubMed Ma CY, Huang Q, Wan WJ, Zhou L, Tang L, Wang YF, et al. Effects of syndrome-differentiation acupuncture on life quality in patients with functional dyspepsia. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2014;34(2):125–9.PubMed
7.
go back to reference Song JS, Liu YQ, Liu CZ, Xie JP, Ma LX, Wang LP, et al. Cumulative analgesic effects of EA stimulation of sanyinjiao (SP 6) in primary dysmenorrhea patients: a multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial. Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2013;38(5):393–8.PubMed Song JS, Liu YQ, Liu CZ, Xie JP, Ma LX, Wang LP, et al. Cumulative analgesic effects of EA stimulation of sanyinjiao (SP 6) in primary dysmenorrhea patients: a multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial. Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2013;38(5):393–8.PubMed
8.
go back to reference Chen XH, Li Y, Kui Y, Wang C, Fang F, Zhou DJ, et al. Sleep disorder treated mainly with flying needling therapy: a clinical randomized controlled research. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2013;33(2):97–100.PubMed Chen XH, Li Y, Kui Y, Wang C, Fang F, Zhou DJ, et al. Sleep disorder treated mainly with flying needling therapy: a clinical randomized controlled research. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2013;33(2):97–100.PubMed
10.
go back to reference Li HJ, Zhong BL, Fan YP, Hu HT. Acupuncture for post-stroke depression: a randomized controlled trial. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2011;31(1):3–6.PubMed Li HJ, Zhong BL, Fan YP, Hu HT. Acupuncture for post-stroke depression: a randomized controlled trial. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2011;31(1):3–6.PubMed
12.
go back to reference He TF, Yang WJ, Zhang SH, Zhang CY, Li LB, Chen YF: Electroacupuncture inhibits inflammation reaction by upregulating vasoactive intestinal Peptide in rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2011. pii: 290489. doi:10.1155/2011/290489. He TF, Yang WJ, Zhang SH, Zhang CY, Li LB, Chen YF: Electroacupuncture inhibits inflammation reaction by upregulating vasoactive intestinal Peptide in rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2011. pii: 290489. doi:10.​1155/​2011/​290489.
13.
go back to reference Huang Y, Lu SF, Hu CJ, Fu SP, Shen WX, Liu WX, et al. Electro-Acupuncture at Neiguan Pretreatment Alters Genome-Wide Gene Expressions and Protects Rat Myocardium against Ischemia-Reperfusion. Molecules. 2014;19(10):16158–78. doi:10.3390/molecules191016158.CrossRefPubMed Huang Y, Lu SF, Hu CJ, Fu SP, Shen WX, Liu WX, et al. Electro-Acupuncture at Neiguan Pretreatment Alters Genome-Wide Gene Expressions and Protects Rat Myocardium against Ischemia-Reperfusion. Molecules. 2014;19(10):16158–78. doi:10.​3390/​molecules1910161​58.CrossRefPubMed
14.
go back to reference Bing Z, Villanueva L, Le Bars D. Acupuncture and diffuse noxious inhibitory controls: naloxone-reversible depression of activities of trigeminal convergent neurons. Neuroscience. 1990;37(3):809–18.CrossRefPubMed Bing Z, Villanueva L, Le Bars D. Acupuncture and diffuse noxious inhibitory controls: naloxone-reversible depression of activities of trigeminal convergent neurons. Neuroscience. 1990;37(3):809–18.CrossRefPubMed
15.
go back to reference Zhang X, Peng Y, Yu J, Liu C, Cheng H, Liu L, et al. Changes in histomorphometric and mechanical properties of femurs induced by acupuncture at the Shenshu point in the SAMP6 mouse model of senile osteoporosis. Gerontology. 2009;55(3):322–32. doi:10.1159/000214845. Epub 2009 Apr 23.CrossRefPubMed Zhang X, Peng Y, Yu J, Liu C, Cheng H, Liu L, et al. Changes in histomorphometric and mechanical properties of femurs induced by acupuncture at the Shenshu point in the SAMP6 mouse model of senile osteoporosis. Gerontology. 2009;55(3):322–32. doi:10.​1159/​000214845. Epub 2009 Apr 23.CrossRefPubMed
17.
go back to reference Chou WC, Liu HJ, Lin YW, Cheng CY, Li CY, Tang NY, et al. 2 Hz electro-acupuncture at yinlingquan (SP9) and ququan (LR8) acupoints induces changes in blood flow in the liver and spleen. Am J Chin Med. 2012;40(1):75–84.CrossRefPubMed Chou WC, Liu HJ, Lin YW, Cheng CY, Li CY, Tang NY, et al. 2 Hz electro-acupuncture at yinlingquan (SP9) and ququan (LR8) acupoints induces changes in blood flow in the liver and spleen. Am J Chin Med. 2012;40(1):75–84.CrossRefPubMed
18.
go back to reference Kapatkin AS, Tomasic M, Beech J, Meadows C, Boston RC, Mayhew PD, et al. Effects of electrostimulated acupuncture on ground reaction forces and pain scores in dogs with chronic elbow joint arthritis. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2006;228(9):1350–9.CrossRefPubMed Kapatkin AS, Tomasic M, Beech J, Meadows C, Boston RC, Mayhew PD, et al. Effects of electrostimulated acupuncture on ground reaction forces and pain scores in dogs with chronic elbow joint arthritis. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2006;228(9):1350–9.CrossRefPubMed
21.
go back to reference Zhong C, Bai L, Dai R, Xue T, Feng Y, Wang H, et al. Exploring the evolution of post-acupuncture resting-state networks combining ICA and multivariate Granger causality. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2011;2011:2813–6. doi:10.1109/IEMBS.2011.6090778.PubMed Zhong C, Bai L, Dai R, Xue T, Feng Y, Wang H, et al. Exploring the evolution of post-acupuncture resting-state networks combining ICA and multivariate Granger causality. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2011;2011:2813–6. doi:10.​1109/​IEMBS.​2011.​6090778.PubMed
23.
go back to reference Huang Y, Lai XS, Shan BC, Tang CZ, Yang JJ, Zeng TJ, et al. Specific cerebral activation following true and sham Waiguan (SJ5) needling: Functional magnetic resonance imaging evidence. Neural Regeneration Research. 2010;5(22):1712–26. Huang Y, Lai XS, Shan BC, Tang CZ, Yang JJ, Zeng TJ, et al. Specific cerebral activation following true and sham Waiguan (SJ5) needling: Functional magnetic resonance imaging evidence. Neural Regeneration Research. 2010;5(22):1712–26.
24.
go back to reference Zang Y, Jiang T, Lu Y, He Y, Tian L. Regional homogeneity approach to fMRI data analysis. Neuroimage. 2004;22(1):394–400.CrossRefPubMed Zang Y, Jiang T, Lu Y, He Y, Tian L. Regional homogeneity approach to fMRI data analysis. Neuroimage. 2004;22(1):394–400.CrossRefPubMed
26.
go back to reference Zang YF, He Y, Zhu CZ, Cao QJ, Sui MQ, Liang M, et al. Altered baseline brain activity in children with ADHD revealed by resting-state functional MRI. Brain Dev. 2007;29(2):83–91.CrossRefPubMed Zang YF, He Y, Zhu CZ, Cao QJ, Sui MQ, Liang M, et al. Altered baseline brain activity in children with ADHD revealed by resting-state functional MRI. Brain Dev. 2007;29(2):83–91.CrossRefPubMed
27.
go back to reference Yang H, Long XY, Yang Y, Yan H, Zhu CZ, Zhou XP, et al. Amplitude of low frequency fluctuation within visual areas revealed by resting-state functional MRI. Neuroimage. 2007;36(1):144–52.CrossRefPubMed Yang H, Long XY, Yang Y, Yan H, Zhu CZ, Zhou XP, et al. Amplitude of low frequency fluctuation within visual areas revealed by resting-state functional MRI. Neuroimage. 2007;36(1):144–52.CrossRefPubMed
28.
go back to reference Biswal B, Yetin FZ, Haughton VM, Hyde JS. Functional connectivity in the motor cortex of resting human brain using echoplanar MRI. Magn Reson Med. 1995;34:537–41.CrossRefPubMed Biswal B, Yetin FZ, Haughton VM, Hyde JS. Functional connectivity in the motor cortex of resting human brain using echoplanar MRI. Magn Reson Med. 1995;34:537–41.CrossRefPubMed
29.
go back to reference General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection Quarantine, the Standardization Administration, People’s Republic of China: Name and location of Acupoints: Chinese National Standards GB/T12346.2006. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection Quarantine, the Standardization Administration, People’s Republic of China: Name and location of Acupoints: Chinese National Standards GB/T12346.2006.
32.
go back to reference Wang Y, Liu ZC, Xu B. Efficacy analysis on type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with acupuncture in females. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2014;34(1):21–4.PubMed Wang Y, Liu ZC, Xu B. Efficacy analysis on type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with acupuncture in females. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2014;34(1):21–4.PubMed
34.
go back to reference Takayama S, Seki T, Nakazawa T, Aizawa N, Takahashi S, Watanabe M, et al. Short-term effects of acupuncture on open-angle glaucoma in retrobulbar circulation: additional therapy to standard medication. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:157090. doi:10.1155/2011/157090.PubMedPubMedCentral Takayama S, Seki T, Nakazawa T, Aizawa N, Takahashi S, Watanabe M, et al. Short-term effects of acupuncture on open-angle glaucoma in retrobulbar circulation: additional therapy to standard medication. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:157090. doi:10.​1155/​2011/​157090.PubMedPubMedCentral
35.
go back to reference Lai XS, Huang Y. A cerebral functional definition on the specificity of acupoints, needling sensation and association of acupoints based on the “acupoints-brain relation hypothesis? Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2007;27(10):777–80.PubMed Lai XS, Huang Y. A cerebral functional definition on the specificity of acupoints, needling sensation and association of acupoints based on the “acupoints-brain relation hypothesis? Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2007;27(10):777–80.PubMed
38.
go back to reference Zheng Y, Qu S, Wang N, Liu L, Zhang G, Jiang X, et al. Post-stimulation effect of electroacupuncture at Yintang (EX-HN3) and GV20 on cerebral functional regions in healthy volunteers: a resting functional MRI study. Acupunct Med. 2012;30(4):307–15. doi:10.1136/acupmed-2011-010123.CrossRefPubMed Zheng Y, Qu S, Wang N, Liu L, Zhang G, Jiang X, et al. Post-stimulation effect of electroacupuncture at Yintang (EX-HN3) and GV20 on cerebral functional regions in healthy volunteers: a resting functional MRI study. Acupunct Med. 2012;30(4):307–15. doi:10.​1136/​acupmed-2011-010123.CrossRefPubMed
39.
go back to reference Braitenberg V, Schüz A. Anatomy of the Cortex: Statistics and Geometry. New York: Springer; 1991.CrossRef Braitenberg V, Schüz A. Anatomy of the Cortex: Statistics and Geometry. New York: Springer; 1991.CrossRef
40.
go back to reference Saladin K. Anatomy and Physiology, The Unity of Form and Function. 5th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Companies Inc; 2010. Print. Saladin K. Anatomy and Physiology, The Unity of Form and Function. 5th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Companies Inc; 2010. Print.
41.
go back to reference Yeo BT, Krienen FM, Sepulcre J, Sabuncu MR, Lashkari D, Hollinshead M, et al. The organization of the human cerebral cortex estimated by intrinsic functional connectivity. J Neurophysiol. 2011;106(3):1125–65. doi:10.1152/jn.00338.2011.CrossRefPubMed Yeo BT, Krienen FM, Sepulcre J, Sabuncu MR, Lashkari D, Hollinshead M, et al. The organization of the human cerebral cortex estimated by intrinsic functional connectivity. J Neurophysiol. 2011;106(3):1125–65. doi:10.​1152/​jn.​00338.​2011.CrossRefPubMed
43.
go back to reference Amunts K, Schleicher A, Burgel U, Mohlberg H, Uylings HB, Zilles K. Broca’s region revisited: Cytoarchitecture and intersubject variability. J Comp Neurol. 1999;412(2):319–41.CrossRefPubMed Amunts K, Schleicher A, Burgel U, Mohlberg H, Uylings HB, Zilles K. Broca’s region revisited: Cytoarchitecture and intersubject variability. J Comp Neurol. 1999;412(2):319–41.CrossRefPubMed
44.
go back to reference Chen S, Bai L, Xu M, Wang F, Yin L, Peng X, et al. Multivariate granger causality analysis of acupuncture effects in mild cognitive impairment patients: an FMRI study. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:127271. doi:10.1155/2013/127271.PubMedPubMedCentral Chen S, Bai L, Xu M, Wang F, Yin L, Peng X, et al. Multivariate granger causality analysis of acupuncture effects in mild cognitive impairment patients: an FMRI study. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:127271. doi:10.​1155/​2013/​127271.PubMedPubMedCentral
45.
go back to reference Zhou Y, Jin J. Effect of acupuncture given at the HT 7, ST 36, ST 40 and KI 3 acupoints on various parts of the brains of Alzheimer’ s disease patients. Acupunct Electrother Res. 2008;33(1–2):9–17.CrossRefPubMed Zhou Y, Jin J. Effect of acupuncture given at the HT 7, ST 36, ST 40 and KI 3 acupoints on various parts of the brains of Alzheimer’ s disease patients. Acupunct Electrother Res. 2008;33(1–2):9–17.CrossRefPubMed
Metadata
Title
Acupuncture at KI3 in healthy volunteers induces specific cortical functional activity: an fMRI study
Authors
Bo Zhu
Yanjie Wang
Guifeng Zhang
Huailiang Ouyang
Jiping Zhang
Yu Zheng
Shaoqun Zhang
Chunxiao Wu
Shanshan Qu
Junqi Chen
Yong Huang
Chunzhi Tang
Publication date
01-12-2015
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies / Issue 1/2015
Electronic ISSN: 2662-7671
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-015-0881-3

Other articles of this Issue 1/2015

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 1/2015 Go to the issue