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Cardiovascular Diabetology
Published in: Cardiovascular Diabetology 1/2024

Open Access 01-12-2024 | Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm | Research

Revisiting an old relationship: the causal associations of the ApoB/ApoA1 ratio with cardiometabolic diseases and relative risk factors—a mendelian randomization analysis

Authors: Chao Fu, Dongbo Liu, Qi Liu, Xuedong Wang, Xiaoxue Ma, Hong Pan, Shi Feng, Zhao Sun, Weishen Qiao, Mengyue Yang, Shuang Gao, Hongyu Ding, Xingtao Huang, Jingbo Hou

Published in: Cardiovascular Diabetology | Issue 1/2024

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Abstract

Background

It has been confirmed that the ApoB/ApoA1 ratio is closely associated with the incidence of cardiometabolic diseases (CMD). However, due to uncontrolled confounding factors in observational studies, the causal relationship of this association remains unclear.

Methods

In this study, we extracted the ApoB/ApoA1 ratio and data on CMD and its associated risk factors from the largest European Genome-Wide Association Study. The purpose was to conduct Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis. The causal relationship between the ApoB/ApoA1 ratio and CMD was evaluated using both univariable and multivariable MR analyses. Furthermore, bidirectional MR analysis was performed to estimate the causal relationship between the ApoB/ApoA1 ratio and risk factors for CMD. The final verification confirmed whether the ApoB/ApoA1 ratio exhibits a mediating effect in CMD and related risk factors.

Results

In terms of CMD, a noteworthy correlation was observed between the increase in the ApoB/ApoA1 ratio and various CMD, including ischemic heart disease, major adverse cardiovascular events, aortic aneurysm, cerebral ischemic disease and so on (all PFDR<0.05). Meanwhile, the ApoB/ApoA1 ratio was significantly associated with CMD risk factors, such as hemoglobin A1c, fasting insulin levels, waist-to-hip ratio, sedentary behavior, and various others, demonstrating a notable causal relationship (all PFDR<0.05). Additionally, the ApoB/ApoA1 ratio played a mediating role in CMD and relative risk factors.

Conclusions

This MR study provides evidence supporting the significant causal relationship between the ApoB/ApoA1 ratio and CMD and its risk factors. Moreover, it demonstrates the mediating effect of the ApoB/ApoA1 ratio in CMD and its risk factors. These findings suggest that the ApoB/ApoA1 ratio may serve as a potential indicator for identifying the risk of developing CMD in participants.
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Metadata
Title
Revisiting an old relationship: the causal associations of the ApoB/ApoA1 ratio with cardiometabolic diseases and relative risk factors—a mendelian randomization analysis
Authors
Chao Fu
Dongbo Liu
Qi Liu
Xuedong Wang
Xiaoxue Ma
Hong Pan
Shi Feng
Zhao Sun
Weishen Qiao
Mengyue Yang
Shuang Gao
Hongyu Ding
Xingtao Huang
Jingbo Hou
Publication date
01-12-2024
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Cardiovascular Diabetology / Issue 1/2024
Electronic ISSN: 1475-2840
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-024-02140-2

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