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01-10-2013

A Profile for Predicting Attrition from Exercise in Older Adults

Authors: Sean P. Mullen, Thomas R. Wójcicki, Emily L. Mailey, Amanda N. Szabo, Neha P. Gothe, Erin A. Olson, Jason Fanning, Arthur Kramer, Edward McAuley

Published in: Prevention Science | Issue 5/2013

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine a profile for predicting attrition among older adults involved in a 12-month exercise program. The parent study was a single-blinded randomized controlled trial. The study took place between 2006 and 2009 within a university setting. Older adults (N = 179) completed baseline assessments of functional performance and psychosocial measures. Participants who were randomized, elected to receive treatment, and did not complete the exercise program were considered “dropouts” (n = 35). Those who completed the program (n = 144) were classified as “completers.” A latent profile analysis revealed two distinct patterns of memory complaints, self-efficacy to overcome barriers to exercise, balance performance, and stair performance. Dropouts were nearly twice as likely to be members of the profile that exhibited a higher degree of memory complaints, lower self-efficacy for overcoming exercise barriers, poorer single leg balance, and longer times to walk down stairs. The results provide an initial validation of a profile for discriminating between “dropouts” and “completers,” one that may have considerable utility for screening older adults prior to study entry.

Initially, we performed a discriminant function analysis that confirmed that “dropouts” and “completers” could be significantly differentiated: Wilk’s Λ = .89, χ ² (4) = 21.19, p < .001. The discriminant function had an eigenvalue of .13, a canonical correlation of .34, and all loadings exceeded .32. Overall, 72 % of the total sample could be correctly classified into the two groups. Almost two-thirds (65 %) of participants were correctly predicted as dropouts, which is superior to a random assignment based on prior group membership probabilities.

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Title: A Profile for Predicting Attrition from Exercise in Older Adults
Authors: Sean P. Mullen
Thomas R. Wójcicki
Emily L. Mailey
Amanda N. Szabo
Neha P. Gothe
Erin A. Olson
Jason Fanning
Arthur Kramer
Edward McAuley
Publication date: 01-10-2013
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: Prevention Science / Issue 5/2013
Print ISSN: 1389-4986
Electronic ISSN: 1573-6695
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-012-0325-y

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A Profile for Predicting Attrition from Exercise in Older Adults

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