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International Urogynecology Journal

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01-12-2014 | Original Article

A pilot study of urine cytokines in ketamine-associated lower urinary tract symptoms

Authors: Rachel Y. K. Cheung, Jacqueline H. S. Lee, Symphorosa S. C. Chan, Dawn W. T. Liu, K. W. Choy

Published in: International Urogynecology Journal | Issue 12/2014

Abstract

Introduction and hypothesis

The aim of this study was to investigate urine cytokine and chemokine levels in symptomatic ketamine abusers compared with age-matched controls.

Methods

Midstream urine specimens were collected in a prospective study of 23 ketamine abusers and 27 controls who had never used ketamine. Their basic demographic and urinary symptoms were compared. The urine was analyzed by a multiplex panel screen for 19 cytokines/chemokines: EGF, GM-CSF, GRO, IL-1Ra, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p40, IL-12p70, IP-10, MCP-1, MIP-1b, sCD40L, sIL-2Ra, VEGF, MCP-4, and TARC using Luminex™ xMAP® technology. Protein concentration values were normalized to urine creatinine concentrations.

Results

Mean age of the control group was 21.1 ± 4.3 years (n = 27) and of the ketamine group was 20.6 ± 3.7 years (n = 23). All participants were women. The urine cytokine analysis showed a significant elevation in EGF levels in the ketamine group with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) compared with the control group (p < 0.005). Levels of the remaining 18 proteins tested were not different from control values.

Conclusions

Urinary EGF levels were increased among symptomatic ketamine abusers. This suggests inflammation and epithelial repair may play a role in ketamine-associated LUTS, and this may in turn help in understanding the pathophysiology of this disease entity, leading to better treatment options.

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Title: A pilot study of urine cytokines in ketamine-associated lower urinary tract symptoms
Authors: Rachel Y. K. Cheung
Jacqueline H. S. Lee
Symphorosa S. C. Chan
Dawn W. T. Liu
K. W. Choy
Publication date: 01-12-2014
Publisher: Springer London
Published in: International Urogynecology Journal / Issue 12/2014
Print ISSN: 0937-3462
Electronic ISSN: 1433-3023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00192-014-2451-5

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

A pilot study of urine cytokines in ketamine-associated lower urinary tract symptoms

Abstract

Introduction and hypothesis

Methods

Results

Conclusions

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Introduction and hypothesis

Methods

Results

Conclusions

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