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Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy
Published in: Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy 9/2016

01-09-2016 | Knee

A novel patient-reported outcome measure for anterior cruciate ligament injury: evaluating the reliability, validity, and responsiveness of Japanese anterior cruciate ligament questionnaire 25

Authors: Masashi Nagao, Tokuhide Doi, Yoshitomo Saita, Yohei Kobayashi, Mitsuaki Kubota, Haruka Kaneko, Yuji Takazawa, Muneaki Ishijima, Hisashi Kurosawa, Kazuo Kaneko, Masahiko Nozawa, Hiroshi Ikeda, Sung-Gon Kim

Published in: Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy | Issue 9/2016

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Abstract

Purpose

Despite objectively good results, up to 70 % of individuals may not return to their pre-injury level of sports activity after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgery. Although psychological responses have been shown to affect outcomes after ACL injury, an appropriate means of measuring their effects, in addition to functional status, has not been determined. The purpose of this study was to develop a patient-reported questionnaire for measuring psychological factors associated with outcomes after ACL injury and to evaluate its reliability, validity, and responsiveness.

Methods

After item analysis based on the results of two pilot studies and a short relevance assessment, 25 questionnaire items were selected for the Japanese Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Questionnaire 25 (JACL-25) and assessed for validity, reliability, and responsiveness in subjects with ACL injury.

Results

The JACL-25 had no floor or ceiling effects and no confounding factors. A Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.981 and a Guttman split-half coefficient of 0.983 indicated excellent reliability. Large standardized response means (1.30–1.62) and effect sizes (0.96–1.51) from the preoperative to postoperative period indicated good responsiveness. Construct structures were created, and these items were separated into three domains. Strong correlations between the JACL-25 and the International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Form (r s = −0.86), Lysholm Score (r s = −0.73), and Tegner Activity Scale (r s = −0.65) indicated good concurrent validity of the JACL-25.

Conclusions

The present study demonstrated that the JACL-25 was valid, reliable, and responsive enough to evaluate psychological factors associated with outcomes in individuals with ACL injuries.

Level of evidence

Diagnostic study, Level III.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
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Metadata
Title
A novel patient-reported outcome measure for anterior cruciate ligament injury: evaluating the reliability, validity, and responsiveness of Japanese anterior cruciate ligament questionnaire 25
Authors
Masashi Nagao
Tokuhide Doi
Yoshitomo Saita
Yohei Kobayashi
Mitsuaki Kubota
Haruka Kaneko
Yuji Takazawa
Muneaki Ishijima
Hisashi Kurosawa
Kazuo Kaneko
Masahiko Nozawa
Hiroshi Ikeda
Sung-Gon Kim
Publication date
01-09-2016
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy / Issue 9/2016
Print ISSN: 0942-2056
Electronic ISSN: 1433-7347
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-015-3595-7

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