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Current Oral Health Reports

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Open Access 02-02-2024

A Comprehensive Review of the Relationship Between Oral Health and Down Syndrome

Authors: Javier Enrique Botero, Carolina Rodríguez-Medina, Sandra Amaya-Sanchez, Clara Lina Salazar, Adolfo Contreras

Published in: Current Oral Health Reports | Issue 1/2024

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) may be more susceptible to oral disorders as a result of a combination of genetic factors, immunological disturbances, anatomical anomalies, and probable difficulties in maintaining adequate oral hygiene. Within this context, we provide a comprehensive review of the most important relationships between oral health and Down syndrome.

Recent Findings

Recent investigations suggest that a diminished diversity in the oral microbiome could emerge as a critical factor affecting oral health in individuals with DS. Plausible anatomical and metabolic peculiarities inherent to DS, including alterations in salivary characteristics, the presence of obstructive sleep apnea, elevated end glycation product levels, and hypothyroidism, may exert a significant influence on the composition and dynamics of the oral microbiome. A comprehensive analysis of the evidence implies a reduced occurrence of caries in individuals with DS. Furthermore, a recent meta-analysis indicates that gingivitis (OR 1.93; 95% CI 1.09–3.41) and periodontitis (OR 3.93; 95% CI 1.81–8.53) are more frequent in people with DS and strongly associated. Oral function in DS is also affected resulting in speech, breathing and eating problems. These findings underscore the necessity to implement targeted educational and awareness programs, along with specific intervention protocols, for the younger generations of individuals with DS, their families, and caregivers.

Summary

Although trisomy 21 itself does not determine a specific cause of oral diseases in DS, common oral health conditions such as gingivitis, periodontitis, and caries remain a matter of concern. The nexus between insufficient plaque control, distinctive oral characteristics, and reluctance to engage in treatment persists as noteworthy determinants. The necessity for oral health professionals to exercise patience and commitment when addressing oral care for individuals with Down syndrome is crucial.

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Title: A Comprehensive Review of the Relationship Between Oral Health and Down Syndrome
Authors: Javier Enrique Botero
Carolina Rodríguez-Medina
Sandra Amaya-Sanchez
Clara Lina Salazar
Adolfo Contreras
Publication date: 02-02-2024
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Published in: Current Oral Health Reports / Issue 1/2024
Electronic ISSN: 2196-3002
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40496-024-00363-6

2024 ASCO Annual Meeting

Springer Medicine

A Comprehensive Review of the Relationship Between Oral Health and Down Syndrome

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Recent Findings

Summary

2024 ASCO Annual Meeting

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Recent Findings

Summary

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