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Asia Pacific Family Medicine
Published in: Asia Pacific Family Medicine 1/2014

Open Access 01-12-2014 | Research

A community-based intervention in middle schools to improve HPV vaccination and cervical cancer screening in Japan

Authors: Tomoko Ito, Remi Takenoshita, Keiichiro Narumoto, Melissa Plegue, Ananda Sen, Benjamin Franklin Crabtree, Michael Derwin Fetters

Published in: Asia Pacific Family Medicine | Issue 1/2014

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Abstract

Aim

Japan has low rates of cervical cancer screening and Human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccination. This research examines the effectiveness of a family medicine resident-led, intervention in increasing knowledge about HPV and cervical cancer in middle school-girls and increasing knowledge and intention to have cervical cancer screening in their mothers.

Methods

We utilized a pre-test/post-test intervention design in three rural middle schools with 7th grade middle school-girls and their mothers. A school-based activity educated girls about HPV and cervical cancer. A home-based activity utilized a homework assignment for girls and their mothers. Pre/post intervention surveys were completed by the girls and their mothers. Major outcomes included changes in knowledge among girls and mothers and barriers to be screened for cervical cancer among mothers.

Results

Sixty-five students and sixty-three mothers completed the study. Two out five mothers were not in compliance with current screening recommendations. Identified barriers included: embarrassment (79%), poor access (56%), fear of having cancer (52%), and cervical cancer screening being an unknown procedure (46%). Forty-four percent of mothers deemed their daughters to be at risk for cervical cancer. Trusted sources of information included: doctors (97%), newspapers/television (89%), government (79%), the Internet (78%), and friends (62%). Student knowledge scores (7-point scale) improved significantly from pre- to post-intervention (4.8 vs. 5.9, p?<?0.001). Knowledge scores (14-point scale) among mothers also significantly improved (11.7 vs. 12.0, p?=?0.024).

Conclusions

These data suggest a community-based intervention on a sensitive topic by family medicine residents can be implemented in middle schools, can improve school-girls' knowledge about HPV and cervical cancer, and can reach their mothers. Additional research could examine whether those intending to be screened receive screening and how to reach women who still resist screening.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
A community-based intervention in middle schools to improve HPV vaccination and cervical cancer screening in Japan
Authors
Tomoko Ito
Remi Takenoshita
Keiichiro Narumoto
Melissa Plegue
Ananda Sen
Benjamin Franklin Crabtree
Michael Derwin Fetters
Publication date
01-12-2014
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Asia Pacific Family Medicine / Issue 1/2014
Electronic ISSN: 1447-056X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12930-014-0013-0

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