Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

LIVE: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)
Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Implementation Science
Published in: Implementation Science 1/2015

Open Access 01-12-2015 | Research

A cluster-randomised controlled trial of values-based training to promote autonomously held recovery values in mental health workers

Authors: Virginia Williams, Frank P. Deane, Lindsay G. Oades, Trevor P. Crowe, Joseph Ciarrochi, Retta Andresen

Published in: Implementation Science | Issue 1/2015

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

The implementation and use of evidence-based practices is a key priority for recovery-oriented mental health service provision. Training and development programmes for employees continue to be a key method of knowledge and skill development, despite acknowledged difficulties with uptake and maintenance of behaviour change. Self-determination theory suggests that autonomy, or a sense that behaviour is self-generated, is a key motivator to sustained behaviour change, in this case practices in mental health services. This study examined the utility of values-focused staff intervention as a specific, reproducible method of autonomy support.

Methods

Mental health workers (n = 146) were assigned via cluster randomisation to either a values clarification condition or an active problem-solving control condition.

Results

Results demonstrated that a structured values clarification exercise was useful in promoting integrated motivation for the changed practice and resulted in increased implementation planning.

Conclusions

Structured values clarification intervention demonstrates utility as a reproducible means of autonomy support within the workplace. We discuss future directions for the study of autonomous motivation in the field of implementation science.

Trial registration

Literature
1.
Kyratsis Y, Ahmad R, Holmes A. Making sense of evidence in management decisions: the role of researched-based knowledge on innovation adoption and implementation in healthcare. Study protocol. Implement Sci. 2012;7:22.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
2.
Rycroft-Malone J, Kitson A, Harvey G, McCromack B, Seers K, Titchen A, et al. Ingredients for change: revisiting a conceptual framework. Qual Saf Health Care. 2002;11:174–80.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
3.
Slade M, Bird V, Le Boutillier C, Williams J, McCrone P, Leamy M. REFOCUS Trial: protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial of a pro-recovery intervention within community based mental health teams. BMC Psychiatry. 2011;11:185.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
4.
Andresen R, Oades LG, Caputi P. Psychological recovery: beyond mental illness. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell; 2011.CrossRef
5.
Blume BD, Ford JK, Baldwin TT, Huang JL. Transfer of training: a meta-analytical review. J Manag. 2010;36 Suppl 4:1065–105.
6.
Noe RA. Trainees’ attributes and attitudes: neglected influences on training effectiveness. Acad Manage Rev. 1986;11 Suppl 4:736–49.
7.
Mathieu JE, Tannenbaum SI, Salas E. Influences of individual and situational characteristics on measures of training effectiveness. Acad Manage J. 1992;35 Suppl 4:828–47.CrossRef
8.
Salas E, Cannon-Bowers JA. The science of training: a decade of progress. Annu Rev Psychol. 2001;52:471–99.CrossRefPubMed
9.
Burke LA, Baldwin TT. Workforce training transfer: a study of the effect of relapse prevention and transfer climate. Hum Resour Manage. 1999;38 Suppl 3:227–41.CrossRef
10.
Colquitt JA, LePine JA, Noe RA. Toward an integrative theory of training motivation: a meta-analytic path analysis of 20 years of research. J Appl Psychol. 2000;85 Suppl 5:678–707.CrossRefPubMed
11.
Stajkovic AD, Luthans F. Self-efficacy and work-related performance: a meta-analysis. Psychol Bull. 1998;124 Suppl 2:240–61.CrossRef
12.
Uppal S, Oades LG, Crowe TP, Deane FP. Barriers to transfer of collaborative recovery training into Australian mental health services: implications for the development of evidence-based services. J Eval Clin Pract. 2010;16 Suppl 3:451–5.PubMed
13.
Sverdlik N, Oreg S. Personal values and conflicting motivational forces in the context of imposed change. J Pers. 2009;77 Suppl 5:1437–65.CrossRefPubMed
14.
Ferlie E, Fitzgerald L, Wood M, Hawkins C. The non-spread of innovations: the mediating role of professionals. Acad Manage J. 2005;48:117–34.CrossRef
15.
Pinder CC. Work motivation in organisational behavior. New Jersey: Pentice-Hall; 1998.
16.
Gagne M, Deci EL. Self determination theory and work motivation. J Organiz Behav. 2006;26:331–62.CrossRef
17.
Deci EL, Ryan RM. Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior. New York: Plenum Press; 1985.CrossRef
18.
Deci EL, Ryan RM. Handbook of self-determination research. Rochester: University of Rochester Press; 2002.
19.
Deci EL, Ryan RM. The “what” and “why” of goal pursuits: human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychology Inquiry. 2000;11 Suppl 4:227–68.CrossRef
20.
Sheldon KM, Elliot AJ. Goal striving, need satisfaction, and longitudinal well-being: the self-concordance model. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1999;76 Suppl 3:482–97.CrossRefPubMed
21.
Joussemet M, Koestner R, Lekes N, Houlfort N. Introducing uninteresting tasks to children: a comparison of the effects of rewards and autonomy support. J Pers. 2004;72 Suppl 1:139–66.CrossRefPubMed
22.
Reeve J. Autonomy support as an interpersonal motivating style: is it teachable? Contemp Educ Psychol. 1998;23:312–30.CrossRefPubMed
23.
Koestner R, Otis N, Power TA, Pelletier L, Gagnon H. Autonomous motivation, controlled motivation, and goal progress. J Pers. 2008;76:1201–30.CrossRefPubMed
24.
Sheldon KM, Kasser T. Pursuing personal goals: skills enable progress, but not all progress is beneficial. Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 1998;24 Suppl 12:1319–31.CrossRef
25.
Deci EL, Koestner R, Ryan RM. A meta-analytic review of experiments examining the effects of extrinsic rewards on intrinsic motivation. Psychol Bull. 1999;125:627–68.CrossRefPubMed
26.
Reeve J, Bolt E, Cai Y. Autonomy-supportive teachers: how they teach and motivate students. J Educ Psychol. 1999;91 Suppl 3:537–48.CrossRef
27.
Ryan RM, Grolnick WS. Origins and pawns in the classroom: self-report and projective assessments of individual differences in children’s perceptions. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1986;50 Suppl 3:550–8.CrossRef
28.
Boggiano AK, Flink C, Shields A, Seelbach A, Barrett M. Use of techniques promoting students’ self-determination: effects of students’ analytic problem-solving skills. Motiv Emot. 1993;17:319–36.CrossRef
29.
Flink C, Boggiano AK, Main DS, Barrett M, Katz PA. Children’s achievement-related behaviors: the role of extrinsic and intrinsic motivational orientations. In: Boggiano AK, Pittman TS, editors. Achievement and Motivation: A Social Developmental Perspective. New York: Cambridge University Press; 1992. p. 189–214.
30.
Koestner R, Ryan RM, Bernieri F, Holt K. Setting limits on children’s behavior: the differential effects of controlling versus informational styles on intrinsic motivation and creativity. J Pers. 1984;52:233–48.CrossRef
31.
Yamnill S, McLean GN. Theories supporting transfer of training. Hum Resource Dev Q. 2001;12 Suppl 2:195–208.CrossRef
32.
Ryan RM, Deci EL. To be happy or to be self-fulfilled: a review of research on hedonic and eudaimonic well-being. Annu Rev Psychol. 2001;52:141–66.CrossRefPubMed
33.
Sheldon KM, Houser-Marko L. Self-concordance, goal attainment, and the pursuit of happiness: can there be an upward spiral? J Pers Soc Psychol. 2001;80:152–65.CrossRefPubMed
34.
35.
Deci EL, Eghrari H, Patrick BC, Leone DR. Facilitating internalization: the self-determination theory perspective. J Pers. 1994;62:627–68.CrossRef
36.
Ryan RM, Connell JP. Perceived locus of causality and internalization: examining reasons for acting in two domains. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1989;57 Suppl 5:749–61.CrossRefPubMed
37.
Crowe TP, Deane FP, Oades LG, Caputi P, Morland KG. Effectiveness of a collaborative recovery training program in Australia in promoting positive views about recovery. Psychiatr Serv. 2006;57 Suppl 10:97–103.
38.
Rokeach M. The nature of human values. New York: The Free Press; 1973.
39.
Hayes S. Acceptance and commitment therapy, relational frame theory, and the third wave of behavioral and cognitive therapies. Behav Ther. 2004;35:639–65.CrossRef
40.
Gollwitzer PM, Sheeran P. Implementation intentions and goal achievement: a meta-analysis of effects and processes. Adv Exp Soc Psychol. 2006;38:69–119.CrossRef
41.
Oades LG, Deane FP, Crowe TP, Lambert WG, Kavanagh D, Lloyd C. Collaborative recovery: a integrative model for working with individuals that experience chronic and recurring mental illness. Australas Psychiatry. 2005;13:279–84.PubMed
42.
Ciarrochi JV, Bailey A. A CBT practitioner’s guide to ACT: how to bridge the gap between cognitive behavioural therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy. Oakland: New Harbinger Publications; 2008.
43.
Schwartz SH. Universals in the content and structure of human values: theory and empirical tests in 20 countries. Advances in Social Psychology Bulletin. 1992;25:136–47.
44.
Schwartz SH, Bilsky W. Toward a theory of the universal content and structure of values: extensions and cross-cultural replications. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1990;58(5):878–91.CrossRef
45.
Mann NC, Mackenzie E, Teitelbaum SD, Wright D, Anderson C. Trauma system structure and viability in the current healthcare environment: a state-by-state assessment. J Trauma Inj Infect Crit Care. 2005;58 Suppl 1:136–47.CrossRef
46.
Jambrak J, Deane FP, Williams V. Value motivations predict burnout and intentions to leave among mental health professionals. J Ment Health. 2014;23 Suppl 3:120–4.CrossRefPubMed
47.
Koestner R, Horberg EJ, Gaudreau P, Powers T, Di Dio P, Bryan C, et al. Bolstering implementation plans for the long haul: the benefits of simultaneously boosting self-concordance or self-efficacy. Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2006;32 Suppl 11:1547–58.CrossRefPubMed
48.
Schafer JL, Graham JW. Missing data: our view of the state of the art. Psychol Methods. 2002;7 Suppl 2:147–77.CrossRefPubMed
49.
Prochaska JO, Di Clemente CC. Transtheoretical therapy: toward a more integrative model of change. Psychol Psychother Theor Res Pract. 1982;19:276–88.CrossRef
50.
Vilardaga R, Luoma JB, Hayes SC, Pistorello J, Levin ME, Hildebrandt MJ, et al. Burnout among the addiction counselling workforce: the differential roles of mindfulness and values-based processes and work-site factors. J Subst Abuse Treat. 2011;40:323–35.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
51.
Vansteenkiste M, Neyrinck B, Niemiec CP, Soenens B, De Witte H, Van den Broeck A. On the relations among work value orientations, psychological need satisfaction, and job outcomes: a self-determination theory approach. J Occup Organ Psychol. 2007;80:251–77.CrossRef
52.
Koestner R, Lekes N, Powers TA, Chicoine E. Attaining personal goals: self-concordance plus implementation planning intentions equals success. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2002;83(1):231–44.CrossRefPubMed
53.
Fernet C, Gagne M, Austin S. When does quality of relationships with coworkers predict burnout over time? The moderating role of work motivation. J Organ Behav. 2010;31:1163–80.CrossRef
54.
Williams V, Oades LG, Deane FP, Crowe TP, et al: Improving implementation of evidence-based practice in mental health service delivery: protocol for a cluster randomised quasi experimental investigation of staff-focused values interventions. Implement Sci. 2013;8:5.
Metadata
Title
A cluster-randomised controlled trial of values-based training to promote autonomously held recovery values in mental health workers
Authors
Virginia Williams
Frank P. Deane
Lindsay G. Oades
Trevor P. Crowe
Joseph Ciarrochi
Retta Andresen
Publication date
01-12-2015
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Implementation Science / Issue 1/2015
Electronic ISSN: 1748-5908
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13012-015-0363-5

Other articles of this Issue 1/2015

Implementation Science 1/2015 Go to the issue

Systematic review

Systematic review of interventions to increase the delivery of preventive care by primary care nurses and allied health clinicians

Study protocol

Appropriate prescribing in nursing homes demonstration project (APDP) study protocol: pragmatic, cluster-randomized trial and mixed methods process evaluation of an Ontario policy-maker initiative to improve appropriate prescribing of antipsychotics

Study Protocol

Implementing an evidence-based computerized decision support system linked to electronic health records to improve care for cancer patients: the ONCO-CODES study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Methodology

Reporting standards for guideline-based performance measures

Study protocol

Study protocol for “Healthy Hearts Northwest”: a 2 × 2 randomized factorial trial to build quality improvement capacity in primary care

Study protocol

Reorganising specialist cancer surgery for the twenty-first century: a mixed methods evaluation (RESPECT-21)