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Cancer Causes & Control

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Open Access 01-09-2015 | Original paper

5-α reductase inhibitors, benign prostatic hyperplasia, and risk of male breast cancer

Authors: David Robinson, Hans Garmo, Lars Holmberg, Pär Stattin

Published in: Cancer Causes & Control | Issue 9/2015

Abstract

Purpose

5-α reductase inhibitors (5-ARI) have been suggested to increase the risk of male breast cancer. The aim of this study was to study the risk of breast cancer in men on 5-ARI, in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) not on 5-ARI, and in men without BPH.

Methods

We performed a population-based cohort study in Sweden with data from The Prescribed Drug Register, The Patient Register, and The Cancer Register. Men on 5-ARI, men on α-blockers, or men who had undergone a transurethral resection of the prostate (TUR-P) prior to or during 2006–2008 were included as exposed to BPH and a specific treatment thereof. For each exposed man, five unexposed men were selected. Risk of breast cancer was calculated in Cox proportional hazard models.

Results

There were 124,183 exposed men and 545,293 unexposed men, and during follow-up (median 6 years), 99 men with breast cancer were diagnosed. Compared to unexposed men, men on 5-ARI had a hazard ratio (HR) of breast cancer of 0.74 (95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.27–2.03), men on α-blockers had HR 1.47 (95 % CI 0.73–2.95), and men with a TUR-P had HR 1.99 (95 % CI 1.05–3.75).

Conclusion

No increased risk of breast cancer was observed for men on 5-ARI. However, the increased risk of breast cancer among men who had undergone a TUR-P, a strong indicator of BPH, suggests that the endocrine milieu conducive to BPH is associated with male breast cancer.

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Title: 5-α reductase inhibitors, benign prostatic hyperplasia, and risk of male breast cancer
Authors: David Robinson
Hans Garmo
Lars Holmberg
Pär Stattin
Publication date: 01-09-2015
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Published in: Cancer Causes & Control / Issue 9/2015
Print ISSN: 0957-5243
Electronic ISSN: 1573-7225
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-015-0622-4

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