Ronald Watro
ABSTRACT
Wireless networks of miniaturized, low-power sensor/actuator devices are poised to become widely used in commercial and military environments. The communication security problems for these networks are exacerbated by the limited power and energy of the sensor devices. In this paper, we describe the design and implementation of public-key-(PK)-based protocols that allow authentication and key agreement between a sensor network and a third party as well as between two sensor networks. Our work is novel in that PK technology was commonly believed to be too inefficient for use on low-power devices. As part of our solution, we exploit the efficiency of public operations in the RSA cryptosystem and design protocols that place the computationally expensive operations on the parties external to the sensor network, when possible. Our protocols have been implemented on UC Berkeley MICA2 motes using the TinyOS development environment.
- B. Atwood, B. Warneke, K.S.J. Pister, "Preliminary Circuits for Smart Dust," Proceedings of the 2000 Southwest Symposium on Mixed-Signal Design, San Diego, California, February 27-29, 2000, pp. 87--92.]]Google Scholar
Cross Ref
- D.V. Bailey, D. Coffin, A. Elbirt, J. H. Silverman and A.D. Woodbury, "NTRU in Constrained Devices," in Proceedings of 2001 Conference of Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems (CHES), Lecture Notes in Computer Science #2152, pp. 262--272.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- D. Boneh, "Twenty years of attacks on the RSA cryptosystem," Notices of the American Mathematical Society (AMS), Vol. 46, No. 2, pp. 203--213, 1999.]]Google Scholar
- D. Boneh and H. Shacham, "Fast variants of RSA," in RSA Laboratories' Cryptobytes, vol 5 no. 1, pages 1--8, Winter/Spring 2002.]]Google Scholar
- D. Carman, P. Kruus, and B. Matt, "Constraints and Approaches for Distributed Sensor Network Security," NAI Labs, NAI Labs Technical Report #00-010, 1 September 2001.]]Google Scholar
- Crossbow Technology, Inc., "Mote In-Network Programming User Reference," http://www.xbow.com/Support/Support_pdf_files/Xnp.pdf.]]Google Scholar
- J. Deng, R. Han, and S. Mishra, "A Performance Evaluation of Intrusion-Tolerant Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks," in F. Zhao and L. Guibas (Eds.), IPSN 2003, LNCS 2634, Springer-Verlag, pp.349--364, 2003.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- W. Diffie and M.E. Hellman, "New Directions in Cryptography," IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, vol. IT-22, no. 6, pp. 644--654", 1976.]]Google Scholar
- N. Gura, A. Patel, A. Wander, H. Eberle, and S. C. Shantz, "Comparing Elliptic Curve Cryptography and RSA on 8-bit CPUs," Proceedings of the Workshop on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems (CHES 2004), Boston, August 2004.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- J. Hill, R. Szewczyk, A. Woo, S. Hollar, D. Culler and K.S.J. Pister, "System Architecture Directions for Networked Sensors," in Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems, pp. 93--104, 2000.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- M. Horton, D. Culler, K.S.J. Pister, J. Hill, R. Szewczyk, and A. Woo, "MICA: The Commercialization of Microsensor Motes," Sensor, April 2002.]]Google Scholar
- C. Karlof, N. Sastry, and D. Wagner, "TinySec: A Link Layer Security Architecture for Wireless Sensor Networks," to appear, Proceedings of the Second ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems (SenSys 2004), Baltimore, MD, November 2004.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- J. Kong, P. Zerfos, H. Luo, S. Lu, and L. Zhang, "Providing Robust and Ubiquitous Security Support for Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks," 9th International Conference on Network Protocols, Nov. 2001.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- A.K. Lenstra and E.R. Verheul, The XTR public key system, Proceedings Crypto 2000, LNCS 1880, Springer-Verlag, 2000.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- D. Malan, Crypto for Tiny Objects, TR-04-04, Computer Science Group, Harvard University, 2004.]]Google Scholar
- A. Perrig, R. Szewczyk, V. Wen, D. Culler, J. D. Tygar, "SPINS: Security Protocols for Sensor Networks," Proceedings of Seventh Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networks (MOBICOM 2001), July 2001.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- R.L. Rivest, A. Shamir, and L. Adleman, "A method for obtaining digital signatures and public-key cryptosystems," Communications of the ACM, vol. 21, no. 2, pp 120--126, February 1978.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- A. Wood and J. A. Stankovic, "Denial of Service in Sensor Networks," IEEE Computer, vol. 35, no. 10, pp 54--62, October 2002.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
Index Terms
- TinyPK: securing sensor networks with public key technology
Recommendations
A key-management scheme for distributed sensor networks
CCS '02: Proceedings of the 9th ACM conference on Computer and communications securityDistributed Sensor Networks (DSNs) are ad-hoc mobile networks that include sensor nodes with limited computation and communication capabilities. DSNs are dynamic in the sense that they allow addition and deletion of sensor nodes after deployment to grow ...
Implementing public-key infrastructure for sensor networks
We present a critical evaluation of the first known implementation of elliptic curve cryptography over F2p for sensor networks based on the 8-bit, 7.3828-MHz MICA2 mote. We offer, along the way, a primer for those interested in the field of cryptography ...
Nonmalleable Cryptography
The notion of nonmalleable cryptography, an extension of semantically secure cryptography, is defined. Informally, in the context of encryption the additional requirement is that given the ciphertext it is impossible to generate a different ciphertext ...
Comments