A Novel Low-Cost Uroflowmetry for Patient Telemonitoring
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Physical Principles of the Flow Measurement
2.2. Prototype Device
2.2.1. Load Cell, Electronics and Device Design
2.2.2. Data Transmission, Acquisition, and Processing
3. Cost Analysis
4. Urinary Flow Measurement in a Laboratory Setting
5. Discussion
6. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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(a) Consumables. | |
Consumables | Cost (EUR) |
ADC HX711 load Cell | 6.99 |
Node MCU ESP8266 ESP-12F | 11.99 |
waterproof button switch (2 mm round) | 0.82 |
Oled Display I2C IIC0.96 inich | 6.99 |
DC Jack | 0.72 |
CEM 1201 | 0.69 |
weipu sp 12 series | 15.43 |
Pedrini Jug 1lt | 10.3 |
IP66 waterproof box | 14.29 |
(b) Component costs | |
Cost (EUR) | |
Software | 20 * |
Server | 12 * |
Hardware | 68.22 |
Qmax (mL/s) | Ttotal (s) | Qave (mL/s) | Vvoided (mL) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Test 1 | 4.35 | 53.7 | 3.57 | 191.9 |
Test 2 | 4.36 | 53.7 | 3.57 | 192.0 |
Test 3 | 4.37 | 53.7 | 3.57 | 192.1 |
Test 4 | 4.34 | 53.7 | 3.56 | 191.6 |
Test 5 | 4.35 | 53.7 | 3.57 | 191.9 |
Test 6 | 4.35 | 53.7 | 3.57 | 191.9 |
Test 7 | 4.35 | 53.7 | 3.57 | 191.9 |
Test 8 | 4.35 | 53.7 | 3.57 | 191.9 |
Test 9 | 4.35 | 53.7 | 3.57 | 191.9 |
Test 10 | 4.36 | 53.7 | 3.57 | 192.0 |
Test 11 | 4.37 | 53.7 | 3.57 | 192.1 |
Test 12 | 4.34 | 53.7 | 3.56 | 191.6 |
Test 13 | 4.37 | 53.7 | 3.57 | 192.1 |
Test 14 | 4.34 | 53.7 | 3.56 | 191.6 |
Test 15 | 4.35 | 53.7 | 3.57 | 191.9 |
Test 16 | 4.35 | 53.7 | 3.57 | 191.9 |
Test 17 | 4.35 | 53.7 | 3.57 | 191.9 |
Test 18 | 4.35 | 53.7 | 3.57 | 191.9 |
Test 19 | 4.37 | 53.7 | 3.57 | 192.1 |
Test 20 | 4.34 | 53.7 | 3.56 | 191.6 |
Test 21 | 4.35 | 53.7 | 3.57 | 191.9 |
Test 22 | 4.36 | 53.7 | 3.57 | 192.0 |
Test 23 | 4.35 | 53.7 | 3.57 | 191.9 |
Test 24 | 4.37 | 53.7 | 3.57 | 192.1 |
Test 25 | 4.34 | 53.7 | 3.56 | 191.6 |
Test 26 | 4.35 | 53.7 | 3.57 | 191.9 |
Test 27 | 4.36 | 53.7 | 3.57 | 192.0 |
Test 28 | 4.37 | 53.7 | 3.57 | 192.1 |
Test 29 | 4.34 | 53.7 | 3.56 | 191.6 |
Test 30 | 4.37 | 53.7 | 3.57 | 192.1 |
Mean | 4.35 | 53.70 | 3.57 | 191.89 |
SD | 0.010 | 0.000 | 0.004 | 0.171 |
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Pandolfo, S.D.; Crauso, F.; Aveta, A.; Cilio, S.; Barone, B.; Napolitano, L.; Scarpato, A.; Mirto, B.F.; Serino, F.; Del Giudice, F.; et al. A Novel Low-Cost Uroflowmetry for Patient Telemonitoring. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20, 3287. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043287
Pandolfo SD, Crauso F, Aveta A, Cilio S, Barone B, Napolitano L, Scarpato A, Mirto BF, Serino F, Del Giudice F, et al. A Novel Low-Cost Uroflowmetry for Patient Telemonitoring. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2023; 20(4):3287. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043287
Chicago/Turabian StylePandolfo, Savio Domenico, Federica Crauso, Achille Aveta, Simone Cilio, Biagio Barone, Luigi Napolitano, Antonio Scarpato, Benito Fabio Mirto, Francesco Serino, Francesco Del Giudice, and et al. 2023. "A Novel Low-Cost Uroflowmetry for Patient Telemonitoring" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 4: 3287. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043287