Abstract
Tumours require oxygenation, nutrition and a route for dissemination. This necessitates the development of new vessels or angiogenesis. High levels of new vessel development are indicators of poor prognosis in cancer; they also provide new avenues of anti-tumour therapy. Angiogenesis in cancer produces structurally different vessels from angiogenesis in wound healing and inflammation. This article reviews the differences between vessels in tumour angiogenesis and normal angiogenesis. The main focus of the article is the role of the vasoactive peptide endothelin-1 (ET-1) in tumour angiogenesis. The role of ET-1 in tumour development is reviewed, before the direct and indirect effects of ET-1 in angiogenesis are examined. ET-1 has a direct angiogenic effect on endothelial and peri-vascular cells. It also has an indirect action through the increased release of the potent pro-angiogenic substance vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), via hypoxia inducible factor-1. ET-1 also indirectly stimulates angiogenesis by stimulating fibroblasts and cancer cells to produce pro-angiogenic proteases. ET-1 is a novel stimulator of tumour angiogenesis and warrants further examination as an anti-angiogenic treatment target.
Keywords: angiogenesis, endothelin, vascular endothelial growth factor, hypoxia inducible factor, cancer, tumour progression, endothelin receptors, metastasis
Current Vascular Pharmacology
Title: Endothelin-1 and Angiogenesis in Cancer
Volume: 3 Issue: 4
Author(s): Jonathan Knowles, Marilena Loizidou and Irving Taylor
Affiliation:
Keywords: angiogenesis, endothelin, vascular endothelial growth factor, hypoxia inducible factor, cancer, tumour progression, endothelin receptors, metastasis
Abstract: Tumours require oxygenation, nutrition and a route for dissemination. This necessitates the development of new vessels or angiogenesis. High levels of new vessel development are indicators of poor prognosis in cancer; they also provide new avenues of anti-tumour therapy. Angiogenesis in cancer produces structurally different vessels from angiogenesis in wound healing and inflammation. This article reviews the differences between vessels in tumour angiogenesis and normal angiogenesis. The main focus of the article is the role of the vasoactive peptide endothelin-1 (ET-1) in tumour angiogenesis. The role of ET-1 in tumour development is reviewed, before the direct and indirect effects of ET-1 in angiogenesis are examined. ET-1 has a direct angiogenic effect on endothelial and peri-vascular cells. It also has an indirect action through the increased release of the potent pro-angiogenic substance vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), via hypoxia inducible factor-1. ET-1 also indirectly stimulates angiogenesis by stimulating fibroblasts and cancer cells to produce pro-angiogenic proteases. ET-1 is a novel stimulator of tumour angiogenesis and warrants further examination as an anti-angiogenic treatment target.
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Cite this article as:
Knowles Jonathan, Loizidou Marilena and Taylor Irving, Endothelin-1 and Angiogenesis in Cancer, Current Vascular Pharmacology 2005; 3 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016105774329462
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016105774329462 |
Print ISSN 1570-1611 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6212 |
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