Abstract
Proteases regulate numerous physiological functions in all living organisms. Because of their contribution to βAPP processing, α-, β- and γ-secretases have focused particular attention of researchers in the field of Alzheimers disease (AD) during the past 20 years. Whereas the β-secretase BACE1 and the heterotetrameric presenilin-dependent γ- secretase complex were identified between 1995 and 2002, α-secretase activity was attributed to previously described ADAM10 and ADAM17, two members of the type I integral membrane protein family called ADAMs (A Disintegrin And Metalloprotease). ADAM10 and/or ADAM17 target numerous substrates through various modes of action. This review focuses on the complex physiology of these α-secretases and will document their contribution to cancers, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and prion diseases besides their well characterized role in Alzheimers disease.
Keywords: Disintegrin, metalloprotease, metabolism, Alzheimer regulation, transmembrane proteins, proprotein convertase cleavage, crambin-like domains, GPI-anchored substrates
Current Alzheimer Research
Title: α-Secretase in Alzheimers Disease and Beyond: Mechanistic, Regulation and Function in the Shedding of Membrane Proteins
Volume: 9 Issue: 2
Author(s): Bruno Vincent and Frederic Checler
Affiliation:
Keywords: Disintegrin, metalloprotease, metabolism, Alzheimer regulation, transmembrane proteins, proprotein convertase cleavage, crambin-like domains, GPI-anchored substrates
Abstract: Proteases regulate numerous physiological functions in all living organisms. Because of their contribution to βAPP processing, α-, β- and γ-secretases have focused particular attention of researchers in the field of Alzheimers disease (AD) during the past 20 years. Whereas the β-secretase BACE1 and the heterotetrameric presenilin-dependent γ- secretase complex were identified between 1995 and 2002, α-secretase activity was attributed to previously described ADAM10 and ADAM17, two members of the type I integral membrane protein family called ADAMs (A Disintegrin And Metalloprotease). ADAM10 and/or ADAM17 target numerous substrates through various modes of action. This review focuses on the complex physiology of these α-secretases and will document their contribution to cancers, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and prion diseases besides their well characterized role in Alzheimers disease.
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Cite this article as:
Vincent Bruno and Checler Frederic, α-Secretase in Alzheimers Disease and Beyond: Mechanistic, Regulation and Function in the Shedding of Membrane Proteins, Current Alzheimer Research 2012; 9 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156720512799361646
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156720512799361646 |
Print ISSN 1567-2050 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5828 |
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