Abstract
Background
Adolescence is a critical stage of life which is characterized by rapid biological, social and emotional development. India has the highest adolescent population, however, there is paucity of literature reporting the sleep quality among adolescents.
Objective
To determine the sleep quality and its associated factors among adolescents residing in selected villages of rural Puducherry.
Materials and methods
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among adolescents during March and April 2018. Two out of four villages were randomly selected and all the adolescents were contacted through a household visit and a questionnaire was administered. The semi-structured questionnaire contained socio-demographic details of adolescents and details on living environment. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scale. Sleep quality is expressed as a proportion with a 95% confidence interval (CI). The association of socio-demographic characteristics with poor sleep quality is reported as a prevalence ratio.
Results
The total number of adolescents interviewed was 789. The mean age of the study participants was 14.1 (±2.4) years and the majority, 440 (55.8%) were boys and 684 (86.7%) belonged to a nuclear family. More than a quarter, 210 (26.6%) belonged to the middle class as regards socio-economic status. Environmental assessment of households showed more than half, 456 (57.8%) were staying in a “pucca” house and the majority, 642 (81.4%) had adequate cross ventilation. The prevalence of poor quality of sleep among the adolescents was 2.5% (95% CI: 1.6%–3.9%). It was found that higher educational level [adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) – 3.43] and belonging to higher socio-economic class (aPR – 5.48) were found to be significant determinants for poor quality of sleep among adolescents.
Conclusion
The current study found that only 2.5% of the adolescents have poor sleep quality. Adolescents with higher educational level and higher socio-economic status were more prone to have poor quality of sleep.
References
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