Abstract
Background:
The zinc finger transcription factor CASZ1 plays a key role in cardiac development and postnatal adaptation, and in mice, deletion of the CASZ1 gene leads to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). However, in humans whether genetically defective CASZ1 contributes to DCM remains unclear.
Methods:
The coding exons and splicing junction sites of the CASZ1 gene were sequenced in 138 unrelated patients with idiopathic DCM. The available family members of the index patient harboring an identified CASZ1 mutation and 200 unrelated, ethnically matched healthy individuals used as controls were genotyped for CASZ1. The functional characteristics of the mutant CASZ1 were analyzed in contrast to its wild-type counterpart using a luciferase reporter assay system.
Results:
A novel heterozygous CASZ1 mutation, p.K351X, was identified in an index patient with DCM. Genetic analysis of the mutation carrier’s family showed that the mutation co-segregated with DCM, which was transmitted in an autosomal dominant pattern with complete penetrance. The nonsense mutation, which was absent in 400 referential chromosomes, altered the amino acid that was highly conserved evolutionarily. Biological investigations revealed that the mutant CASZ1 had no transcriptional activity.
Conclusions:
The current study reveals CASZ1 as a new gene responsible for human DCM, which provides novel mechanistic insight and potential therapeutic target for CASZ1-associated DCM, implying potential implications in improved prophylactic and therapeutic strategies for DCM, the most common type of primary myocardial disease.
Acknowledgments
We really thank the study participants for their participation in this investigation.
Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
Research funding: This work was financially supported by grants from the National Natural Science Fund of China (81470372 and 81270161), the Key Program for Basic Research of Shanghai, China (14JC1405500), the Natural Science Fund of Shanghai, China (14ZR1438000 and 15ZR1438100), and the Key Project of Shanghai Chest Hospital, China (2014YZDH10102).
Employment or leadership: None declared.
Honorarium: None declared.
Competing interests: The funding organization(s) played no role in the study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the report for publication.
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