Abstract
The Swedish Family-Cancer Database was used to analyse site-specific risk of second primary malignancies following 53 159 haematolymphoproliferative disorders (HLPD) diagnosed between 1958 and 1996. Standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of a second malignancy was calculated as the ratio of observed to expected numbers of second malignancies by applying site-, sex-, age-, period-, residence- and occupation-specific rates in the corresponding population in the Database to the appropriate person-years at risk. Among 18 960 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), there was over a 3-fold significant increase in cancer of the tongue, small intestine, nose, kidney and nervous system, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin, NHL, Hodgkin's disease (HD) and lymphoid and myeloid leukaemia. Among 5353 patients with HD, there was over a 4-fold significant increase in cancer of the salivary glands, nasopharynx and thyroid, NHL and myeloid leukaemia, and over a 1.6-fold increase in cancer of the stomach, colon, lung, breast, skin (melanoma and SCC), nervous system and soft tissues and lymphoid leukaemia. Among 28 846 patients with myeloma and leukaemia, there was a significant increase in cancer of the skin, nervous system and non-thyroid endocrine glands and all HLPD except for myeloma. Our findings showed some clustering between first and second primaries among Epstein–Barr virus-, ultraviolet radiation- and immunosuppression-related cancers. © 2001 Cancer Research Campaign http://www.bjcancer.com
Similar content being viewed by others
Article PDF
Change history
16 November 2011
This paper was modified 12 months after initial publication to switch to Creative Commons licence terms, as noted at publication
References
Abrahamsen F, Egeland T, Hansen S, Langholm R, Holte H and Kvaloy S (1997) Hodgkin's disease in a national and hospital population: trends over 20 years. Eur J Cancer 33: 2380–2383
Adami J, Frisch M, Yuen J, Glimelius B and Melbye M (1995) Evidence of an association between non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and skin cancer. Br Med J 310: 1491–1495
Brennan P, Coates M, Armstrong B, Colin D and Boffetta P (2000) Second primary neoplasms folloging non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in New South Wales, Australia. Br J Cancer 82: 1344–1349
Capalbo S, Trerotoli P, Ciancio C, Battista C, Serio G and Liso V (2000) Increased risk of lymphoproliferative disorders in relatives of patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: relevance of the degree of familial linkage. Eur J Haematol 65: 114–117
Cartwright R, McNally R and Staines A (1994) The increasing incidence of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL): the possible role of sunlight. Leuk Lymph 14: 387–394
Centre for Epidemiology (1999) Cancer Incidence in Sweden 1997 pp1–114: Stockholm
Chen Y, Zheng T, Chou M, Boyle P and Holford T (1997) The increase of Hodgkin's disease incidence among young adults. Experience in Connecticut, 1935–1992. Cancer 79: 2209–2218
Dong C and Hemminki K (2001a) Multiple primary cancers at colon, breast and skin (melanoma) as models for polygenic cancers. Int J Cancer 92: 883–887
Dong C and Hemminki K (2001b) Risk of multiple primary cancers in nasal cancer patients. Epidemiology 12: 367–369
English D, Armstrong B, Kricker A and Fleming C (1997) Sunlight and cancer. Cancer Causes Control 8: 271–283
Esteve J, Benhamou E and Raymond L (1994) Statistical Methods in Cancer Research. Vol. 128, IARC Scientific Publication. IARC: Lyon
Greene M and Wilson J (1985) Second cancer following lymphatic and hematopoietic cancers in Connecticut, 1935–82. NCI Monogr 68: 191–217
Groves F, Linet M, Travis L and Devesa S (2000) Cancer surveillance series: non-Hodgkin's lymphoma incidence by histologic subtype in the United States from 1978 through 1995. J Natl Cancer Inst 92: 1240–1251
Hemminki K and Dong C (2000a) Familial relationships in squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. Epidemiology 11: 309–314
Hemminki K and Dong C (2000b) Primary cancers following squamous cell carcinoma of the skin suggest involvement of Epstein-Barr virus. Letter to editor. Epidemiology 11: 94
Hemminki K and Dong C (2000c) Subsequent cancers after in situ and invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. Arch Dermatol 136: 647–651
Hemminki K and Vaittinen P (1999) Familial cancers in a nation-wide family-cancer database: age distribution and prevalence. Eur J Cancer 35: 1109–1111
Hemminki K, Vaittinen P and Kyyrönen P (1998) Age-specific familial risks in common cancers of the offspring. Int J Cancer 78: 172–175
Horwitz M (1997) The genetics of familial leukemia. Leukemia 11: 1347–1359
IARC (1990) Cancer: Causes, Occurence and Control Vol. 100. IARC Sci Publications. IARC: Lyon
IARC (1996) IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. Vol. 67. Human immunodeficiency viruses and human T-cell lymphotrophic viruses. IARC: Lyon
IARC (1997) IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. Epstein-Barr virus and Kaposi's sarcoma. Herpesvirus/human herpesvirus 8 Vol. 70. IARC: Lyon
IARC (2001) Sunscreens Vol. 5. IARC Handbooks of Cancer Prevention. IARC: Lyon
Kinlen L (1992) Immunosuppression and cancer. In: Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis in Risk Identification, Vainio H, Magee P, McGregor D, McMichael A (eds), Vol. IARC Sci Publ Vol. 116. pp. 237–253. IARC: Lyon
Kumar V, Cotran R and Robbins S (1997) Basic Pathology W.B. Saunders: Philadelphia
Levi F, Randimbison L, Te V and La Vecchia C (1996) Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukaemias and skin cancers. Br J Cancer 74: 1847–1850
Metayer C, Lynch C, Clarke E, Glimelius B, Storm H, Pukkala E, Joensuu T, van Leeuwen F, van't Veer M, Curtis R, Holowaty E, Andersson M, Wiklund T, Gospodarowicz M and Travis L (2000) Second cancers among long-term survivors of Hodgkin's disease diagnosed in childhood and adolescence. J Clin Oncol 18: 2435–2443
Sankila R, Pukkala E and Teppo L (1995) Risk of subsequent malignant neoplasms among 470000 cancer patients in Finland 1953–1991. Int J Cancer 60: 464–470
Shugart Y, Hemminki K, Vaittinen P, Kingman A and Dong C (2000) A genetic study of Hodgkin's lymphoma: an estimate of heritability and anticipation based on the familial cancer database in Sweden. Hum Genet 106: 553–556
Stenbeck M and Rosen M (1995) Cancer survival in Swedenin 1961–1991. Acta Oncol 34: 1–124
Storm H and Prener A (1985) Second cancer following lymphatic and hematopoietic cancers in Denmark, 1943–1980. NCI Monogr 68: 389–410
Swerdlow A, Barber J, Horwich A, Cunningham D, Milan S and Omar R (1997) Second malignancy in patients with Hodgkin's disease treated at the Royal Marsden Hospital. Br J Cancer 75: 116–123
Swerdlow A, Barber J, Hudson G, Cunningham D, Gupta R, Hancock B, Horwich A, Lister T and Linch D (2000) Risk of second malignancy after Hodgkin's disease in a collaborative British cohort: the relation to age at treatment. J Clin Oncol 18: 498–509
Travis L, Curtis R, Boice JJ, Hankey B and Fraumeni JJ (1991) Second cancers following non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Cancer 67: 2002–2009
Travis L, Curtis R, Glimelius B, Holowaty E, Van Leeuwen F, Lynch C, Adami J, Gospodarowics M, Wacholder S and Inskip P (1993) Second cancers among long-term survivors of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. J Natl Cancer Inst 85: 1932–1937
Vaittinen P and Hemminki K (2000) Risk factors and age-incidence relationships for contralateral breast cancer. Int J Cancer 88: 998–1002
Volkers N (1999) Wheezing, sneezing, and cancer risk – still an open door. J Natl Cancer Inst 91: 1916–1918
Wiernik P, Wang S, Hu X-P, Marino P and Paietta E (2000) Age of onset evidence for anticipation in familial non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Br J Haematol 108: 72–79
Yuille M, Houlston R and Catovsky D (1998) Anticipation in familial chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Leukemia 12: 1696–1698
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
From twelve months after its original publication, this work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
About this article
Cite this article
Dong, C., Hemminki, K. Second primary neoplasms among 53 159 haematolymphoproliferative malignancy patients in Sweden, 1958–1996: a search for common mechanisms. Br J Cancer 85, 997–1005 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1054/bjoc.2001.1998
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1054/bjoc.2001.1998
Keywords
This article is cited by
-
Time trends in survival and causes of death in multiple myeloma: a population-based study from Germany
BMC Cancer (2023)
-
Molecular chaperones in tumors of salivary glands
Journal of Molecular Histology (2020)
-
Exocrine Gland Morphogenesis: Insights into the Role of Amphiregulin from Development to Disease
Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis (2017)
-
Secondary malignancies in chronic myeloid leukemia patients after imatinib-based treatment: long-term observation in CML Study IV
Leukemia (2016)
-
Incidental primary breast cancer detected on PET–CT
Breast Cancer Research and Treatment (2015)