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Constitutional mechanisms of vulnerability and resilience to nicotine dependence

Molecular Psychiatry volume 14, pages 653–667 (2009)Cite this article

Abstract

The core nature of nicotine dependence is evident in wide variations in how individuals become and remain smokers. Individuals with pre-existing behavioral traits are more likely to develop nicotine dependence and experience difficulty when attempting to quit. Many molecular factors likely contribute to individual variations in the development of nicotine dependence and behavioral traits in complex manners. However, the identification of such molecules has been hampered by the phenotypic complexity of nicotine dependence and the complex ways molecules affect elements of nicotine dependence. We hypothesize that nicotine dependence is, in part, a result of interactions between nicotine and pre-existing behavioral traits. This perspective suggests that the identification of the molecular bases of such pre-existing behavioral traits will contribute to the development of effective methods for reducing smoking dependence and for helping smokers to quit.

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Acknowledgements

This article is dedicated to the memory of T Klein, who inspired the first author’s research direction. We thank Drs TB Baker and ME Piper for sharing unpublished data and Drs Justin Cho and Soh Agatsuma for their critical comments on an early draft of this article. The preparation of this article was supported by Grants R01 DA013232 and R01 DA024330 from the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIH). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institute on Drug Abuse or the National Institutes of Health.

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  1. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Psychobiology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA

    N Hiroi

  2. Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA

    N Hiroi & D Scott

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Hiroi, N., Scott, D. Constitutional mechanisms of vulnerability and resilience to nicotine dependence. Mol Psychiatry 14, 653–667 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1038/mp.2009.16

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