Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Ensheathment of the olfactory nerves in the adult rat

  • Published:
Journal of Neurocytology

Abstract

The ensheathment of the olfactory nerve fibres is achieved by cooperation of two cell types. The olfactory ensheathing cells have a rounded outer surface enclosed in a continuous single basal lamina, and enclose an inner compartment from which overlapping processes of the same and adjacent cells enwrap interweaving territories of tightly apposed aligned axons. The olfactory nerve fibroblasts are highly flattened, dense cells generating multiple layers of very thin processes encircling individual or groups of olfactory ensheathing cells. This paper illustrates the unique ultrastructural features of this ensheathment.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • BUNGE, R. P. (1968) Glial cells and the central myelin sheath. Physiol. Rev. 48, 197–251.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • DEVON, R. & DOUCETTE, R. (1992) Olfactory ensheathing cells myelinate dorsal root ganglion neurites. Brain Research 589, 175–179.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • DOUCETTE, J. R. (1991) PNS-CNS transition zone of the first cranial nerve. Journal of Comparative Neurology 312, 451–466.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • HEREDIA, M., GASCUEL, J., RAMON-CUETO, A., SANTACANA, M., AVILA, J., MASSON, C. & VALVERDE, F. (1998) Two novel monoclonal antibodies (1.9.E and 4.11.C) against olfactory bulb ensheathing glia. Glia 24, 352–364.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • KATO, T., HONMOU, O., UEDE, T., HASHI, K. & KOCSIS, J. D. (2000)Transplantation ofhumanolfactory ensheathing cells elicits remyelination of demyelinated rat spinal cord. Glia 30, 209–218.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • LAKATOS, A., FRANKLIN, R. J. M. & BARNETT, S. C. (2000) Olfactory ensheathing cells and Schwann cells differ in their in vitro interactions with astrocytes. Glia 32, 214–225.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • LI, Y., DECHERCHI, P. & RAISMAN, G. (2003) Transplantation of olfactory ensheathing cells into spinal cord lesions restores breathing and climbing. Journal of Neuroscience 23, 727–731.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • LI, Y., FIELD, P. M. & RAISMAN, G. (1997) Repair of adult rat corticospinal tract by transplants of olfactory ensheathing cells. Science 277, 2000–2002.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • LI, Y., FIELD, P. M. & RAISMAN, G. (1998) Regeneration of adult rat corticospinal axons induced by transplanted olfactory ensheathing cells. Journal of Neuroscience 18, 10514–10524.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • LU, J., FÉRON, F, MACKAY-SIM, A. & WAITE, P. M. E. (2002) Olfactory ensheathing cells promote locomotor recovery after delayed transplantation into transected spinal cord. Brain 125, 14–21.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • MACKAY-SIM, A. & KITTEL, P. (1991a) Cell dynamics in the adult mouse olfactory epithelium: A quantitative autoradiographic study. Journal of Neuroscience 11, 979–984.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • MACKAY-SIM, A. & KITTEL, P. W. (1991b) On the life span of olfactory receptor neurons. European Journal of Neuroscience 3, 209–215.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • PLANT, G. W., CURRIER, P. F., CUERVO, E. P., BATES, M. L., PRESSMAN, Y., BUNGE, M. B. & WOOD, P. M. (2002) Purified adult ensheathing glia fail tomyelinate axons under culture conditions that enable Schwann cells to form myelin. Journal of Neuroscience 22, 6083–6091.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • RAISMAN, G. (1985) Specialized neuroglial arrangement may explain the capacity of vomeronasal axons to reinnervate central neurons. Neuroscience 14, 237–254.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • RAMÓN-CUETO, A., PLANT, G. W., AVILA, J. & BUNGE, M. B. (1998) Long-distance axonal regeneration in the transected adult rat spinal cord is promoted by olfactory ensheathing glia transplants. Journal of Neuroscience 18, 3803–3815.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • SCHWOB, J. E., SZUMOWSKI, K. E. & STASKY, A. A. (1992) Olfactory sensory neurons are trophically dependent on the olfactory bulb for their prolonged survival. Journal of Neuroscience 12, 3896–3919.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • SCHWOB, J. E., YOUNGENTOB, S. L., RING, G., IWEMA, C. L. & MEZZA, R. C. (1999) Reinnervation of the rat olfactory bulb after methyl bromide-induced lesion: Timing and extent of reinnervation. J Comp Neurol 412, 439–457.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • SMITH, P. M., LAKATOS, A., BARNETT, S. C., JEFFERY, N. D. & FRANKLIN, R. J. M. (2002) Cryopreserved cells isolated from the adult canine olfactory bulb are capable of extensive remyelination following transplantation into the adult rat CNS. Experimental Neurology 176, 402–406.

    Google Scholar 

  • THOMPSON, R. J., ROBERTS, B., ALEXANDER, C. L., WILLIAMS, S. K. & BARNETT, S. C. (2000) Comparison of neuregulin-1 expression in olfactory ensheathing cells, schwann cells and astrocytes. Journal of Neuroscience Research 61, 172–185.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • VALVERDE, F. & LOPEZ-MASCARAQUE, L. (1991) Neuroglial arrangements in the olfactory glomeruli of the hedgehog. Journal of Comparative Neurology 307, 658–674.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • VERDÚ, E., GARCIA-ALÍAS, G., FORÉS, J., GUDIÑOCABRERA, G., MUÑETÓN, V. C., NIETOSAMPEDRO, M. & NAVARRO, X. (2001) Effects of ensheathing cells transplanted into photochemically damaged spinal cord. NeuroReport 12, 2303–2309.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • VOYVODIC, J. T. (1989) Target size regulates calibre and myelination of sympathetic axons. Nature 342, 430–433.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Neurobiology, Norman and Sadie Lee Research Centre, National Institute for Medical Research, MRC, London, UK

    Pm Field, Y Li & G Raisman

Authors
  1. Pm Field
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Y Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. G Raisman
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to G Raisman.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Field, P., Li, Y. & Raisman, G. Ensheathment of the olfactory nerves in the adult rat. J Neurocytol 32, 317–324 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1023/B:NEUR.0000010089.37032.48

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/B:NEUR.0000010089.37032.48

Keywords

Search

Navigation