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Socio-demographic and lifestyle factors associated with dietary patterns among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Tehran, Iran

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Abstract

This study aimed to assess the dietary patterns among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus living in Tehran, Iran, and their association with socio-demographic and lifestyle factors. In a cross-sectional study, 400 male and female subjects aged between 40–60 years with type 2 diabetes mellitus were selected. Socio-demographic and lifestyle characteristics and dietary intake were assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. To determine the dietary patterns, factor analysis was carried out, and to assess the association between socio-demographic and lifestyle factors to dietary patterns, analysis of covariance was performed. Three dietary patterns were found. These patterns were labeled as “vegetable and poultry,” “Western” and “mixed.” In this study, the vegetable and poultry pattern was associated with being female, primary education, and hypertension. The Western pattern was associated with being male, non-smokers, and lower physical activity. The mixed pattern was associated with higher income and family history of diabetes. We found that socio-demographic and lifestyle factors of diabetic patients were different according to the dietary pattern type. Further studies are necessary to confirm the benefits of this pattern.

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Acknowledgment

Researchers would like to thank the subjects that participated in the study and also all the doctors and staffs that helped in the data collection at Special Medical Center in Tehran, Iran.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

    Nasrin Darani Zad, Rokiah Mohd Yusof, Rosita Jamaluddin & Haleh Esmaili

  2. Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran

    Fariba Mohseni

Authors
  1. Nasrin Darani Zad
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  2. Rokiah Mohd Yusof
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  3. Fariba Mohseni
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  4. Rosita Jamaluddin
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  5. Haleh Esmaili
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Correspondence to Fariba Mohseni.

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Zad, N.D., Yusof, R.M., Mohseni, F. et al. Socio-demographic and lifestyle factors associated with dietary patterns among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Tehran, Iran. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 35, 540–545 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13410-015-0333-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13410-015-0333-0

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