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Inducing apoptosis effect of caffeic acid 3,4-dihydroxy-phenethyl ester on the breast cancer cells

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Tumor Biology

Abstract

To explore the antitumor effect of caffeic acid 3,4-dihydroxy-phenethyl ester (CADPE) on the breast cancer cell lines and illuminate the related mechanism. After treatment with different concentrations of CADPE for 24, 48, and 72 h, cell proliferation ability of the breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-435 was analyzed by the MTT. Changes of the cell cycles were evaluated by PI staining. Cell apoptosis was examined by flow cytometry after Annexin V/7AAD double staining. Nuclear morphologic changes were observed under the inverted fluorescence microscope after staining with Hoechst 33342. Mitochondrial membrane potential and reactive oxygen species (ROS) level were estimated by JC-1 and DCFH-DA staining. In addition, the expression level of mitochondrial signaling pathway proteins Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase-3 were evaluated by Western blot. CADPE has the distinct cytotoxic effect to the breast cancer cells, and the effect is dose dependent. It did not change the cell cycles but induced the cell apoptosis of the breast cancer cells. At the same time, after CADPE treatment, the expression levels of caspase-3 and Bax in the breast cancer cells were upregulated and Bcl-2 expression was declined. The ROS level in the breast cancer cells was enhanced, and mitochondrial membrane potential of the cells was downregulated. CADPE has the antitumor functions. It can induce the cell apoptosis through downregulating Bcl-2 expression, enhancing Bax and caspase-3 expression levels, upregulating ROS level and reducing the mitochondrial membrane potential of the breast cancer cells to trigger the mitochondrial signal pathway.

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Acknowledgements

This study was partly supported by Shanghai Municipal Health Bureau Foundation(2008021).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130041, China

    Jiaoyuan Jia & Zhonghui Liu

  2. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China

    Yu Chen

  3. Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130041, China

    Hongyan Yuan

  4. Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130041, China

    Mei Yang

  5. Department of Oncology and Hematology, The Second Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130041, China

    Jinghe Li

  6. Department of Genetics, College of Basic Medical Sciences of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130041, China

    Xueling Cui

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  1. Jiaoyuan Jia
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  2. Mei Yang
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  3. Yu Chen
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  4. Hongyan Yuan
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  5. Jinghe Li
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  6. Xueling Cui
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  7. Zhonghui Liu
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Correspondence to Zhonghui Liu.

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Jia, J., Yang, M., Chen, Y. et al. Inducing apoptosis effect of caffeic acid 3,4-dihydroxy-phenethyl ester on the breast cancer cells. Tumor Biol. 35, 11781–11789 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13277-014-2304-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13277-014-2304-3

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