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Prevention of hepatitis B virus-associated liver diseases by antiviral therapy

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Abstract

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major cause of acute and chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, particularly in Asia–Pacific countries. The major complications in HBV carriers are hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), liver failure and esophageal varices following the progression to cirrhosis, while some develop HCC without cirrhosis. The progression to liver fibrosis and these other complications could be prevented by treatment with nucleos(t)ide analogues (NUCs); however, NUCs must be continuously administered for a long time. Peginterferon could lead to HBV surface antigen loss. It is difficult to use peginterferon in HBV-infected patients with decompensated cirrhosis. Acute liver failure due to HBV infection and acute exacerbation of chronic hepatitis B could be treated by NUCs. Universal vaccination programs against HBV could prevent new HBV infections globally. Here, we review the currently available treatments for HBV infection.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan

    Akinobu Tawada, Tatsuo Kanda & Osamu Yokosuka

  2. Safety and Health Organization, Chiba University, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan

    Akinobu Tawada & Fumio Imazeki

Authors
  1. Akinobu Tawada
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  2. Tatsuo Kanda
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  3. Fumio Imazeki
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  4. Osamu Yokosuka
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Tatsuo Kanda.

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Conflict of interest

Akinobu Tawada and Fumio Imazeki declare that they have no conflict of interest. Tatsuo Kanda received lecture fees from Chugai Pharmaceutical, MSD, Tanabe-Mitsubishi, Daiichi-Sankyo, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Gilead Sciences and Abbvie, and a research grant from Chugai and MSD.

Osamu Yokosuka has research grants from Chugai Pharmaceutical, Bayer, MSD, Daiichi-Sankyo, Tanabe-Mitsubishi, and Bristol-Myers Squibb, and received speakers fees from Merck Sharp & Dohme, Kowa Souku, Sysmex, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co, GlaxoSmithKline, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Ajinomoto-Seiyaku, Bayer, Abbott, Given Imaging, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharm, Taiho Yakuhin, Dainippon Sumitomo Pharm, and Igaku-Seibutsugaku Institute.

Ethical standards

All procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional and national) and with the Declaration of Helsinki 1975, as revised in 2008 (5). Informed consent was obtained from all patients for being included in the study. This article does not contain any studies with animal subjects.

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Tawada, A., Kanda, T., Imazeki, F. et al. Prevention of hepatitis B virus-associated liver diseases by antiviral therapy. Hepatol Int 10, 574–593 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12072-016-9720-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12072-016-9720-y

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