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Sitzendes Verhalten als Risikofaktor im Kindes- und Jugendalter

Vorstellung eines verhaltensepidemiologischen Rahmenkonzepts

Sedentary behavior as a health risk in childhood and adolescents

Introduction to a behavioral epidemiology framework

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Sitzendes Verhalten dominiert bereits im Kindes- und Jugendalter den Alltag. Die gesundheitswissenschaftliche Forschung hat in den letzten Jahren vermehrt sitzende Verhaltensweisen untersucht und es deutet sich an, dass es sich um eine von der Bewegung unabhängige Verhaltensweise handelt.

Zielsetzung und Methoden

Ziel dieses Beitrags ist es, anhand eines verhaltensepidemiologischen Konzepts das Thema „Sitzendes Verhalten“ bei Kindern und Jugendlichen systematisch aufzubereiten. Die sechs Phasen bzw. inhaltlichen Teilaspekte des Konzepts werden basierend auf einer narrativen Zusammenstellung aktueller internationaler Übersichtsarbeiten und Primärstudien vorgestellt.

Ergebnisse und Schlussfolgerungen

Sowohl konzeptionell als auch aus gesundheitswissenschaftlicher Sicht ist es von Vorteil, sitzendes Verhalten als eigenständige Zielgröße von Interventionsmaßnahmen zu betrachten. So hängt z. B. sitzendes Verhalten, unabhängig vom Bewegungsverhalten, ungünstig mit physischen und psychischen Gesundheitsindikatoren zusammen. Zudem zeigen Studien, dass eine Reduzierung von Sitzzeiten durch spezifische Interventionen möglich ist. Es bleiben jedoch noch viele Fragen in diesem jungen Forschungsfeld, nicht zuletzt aufgrund methodischer Herausforderungen (Messung, Studiendesign), offen. Aus Präventionssicht ist es notwendig, die Bedingungsfaktoren des Sitzens noch besser zu verstehen und das Zusammenspiel sowie die Effektivität von Interventionen zur Reduzierung von Sitzzeiten in Ergänzung zur Bewegungsförderung zu untersuchen.

Abstract

Background

Sedentary behaviour is already very common in daily life of children and adolescents. An increasing number of studies within the public health context have examined issues around this topic and findings indicate that sedentarism and physical activity are independent behaviours.

Objective and methods

The objective of the current paper is to systematically introduce in terms of a behavioural epidemiology framework into the topic of sedentary behaviour in children and adolescents. The six phases of the framework are described based on a narrative compilation of currently available international reviews and original studies.

Findings and conclusions

From both a conceptual and a public health lens it is recommendable to consider sedentary behaviour as a meaningful indicator of interventions. However, sedentary behaviour is independent of the level of physical activity associated with physical and psychological health. In addition studies showed that it is possible to reduce sitting time through specific interventions. A lot of issues around sedentary behaviour have not been fully understood and researches are especially faced with challenges in terms of measurement and study design. To foster the reduction of sitting time it is necessary to understand the determinants of this behaviour and to examine the interaction and the effectiveness of intervention to reduce sitting time in addition to the promotion of physical activity.

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Interessenkonflikt

J. Bucksch und S. Dreger geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Fakultät für Gesundheitswissenschaften, AG Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung, WHO Collaborating Centre for Child and Adolescent Health Promotion, Universität Bielefeld, 33615, Bielefeld, Deutschland

    Jens Bucksch

  2. Plattform Ernährung und Bewegung e.V. (peb), Berlin, Deutschland

    Stefanie Dreger

  3. Institut für Public Health und Pflegeforschung, Abteilung Sozialepidemiologie, Universität Bremen, 28359, Bremen, Deutschland

    Stefanie Dreger

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  1. Jens Bucksch
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  2. Stefanie Dreger
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Correspondence to Jens Bucksch.

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Bucksch, ., Dreger, S. Sitzendes Verhalten als Risikofaktor im Kindes- und Jugendalter. Präv Gesundheitsf 9, 39–46 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11553-013-0413-2

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