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Measurement of blood-oxygen saturation using a photoacoustic technique in the rabbit hypoxemia model

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Abstract

The golden standard method to obtain accurate blood oxygen saturation is blood gas analysis that needs invasive procedure of blood sampling. Photoacoustic technique enables us to measure real-time blood oxygen saturation without invasive procedure. The aim of this study is to use the photoacoustic technique, an optical method, for accurately determining oxygen saturation in vivo. We measured induced photoacoustic signals of arterial blood in the rabbit model of stable hypoxemia after irradiation at 750 and 800 nm. Oxygen saturation was calculated from the photoacoustic signals using two calibration curves. Calibration curve 1 is a conventional curve derived from the absorbance coefficient of hemoglobin, whereas calibration curve 2 is derived from the photoacoustic signals obtained from the original blood vessel model. Simultaneously, blood-gas analysis was performed to obtain the reference standard of oxygen saturation. Regression analysis and Bland–Altman analysis were performed to assess the accuracy of oxygen saturation obtained using the two methods. The oxygen saturation calculated using calibration curves 1 and 2 showed strong correlations with the reference standard in regression analysis (R = 0.965, 0.964, respectively). The Bland–Altman analysis revealed better agreement and precision with calibration curve 2, whereas there was significant underestimation of values obtained using calibration curve 1. Photoacoustic measurement of oxygen saturation using calibration curve 2 provided an accurate estimate of oxygen saturation, which was similar to that obtained using a portable blood-gas analyzer.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to express our gratitude to the support by National Defense Medical College Animal Experiment Facility and Mr. Yuta Ikeda for his dedicated assistance to collect data. This study was partly supported by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (KAKENHI, Grant Number 16K16413).

Funding

This study was supported by the fund of National Defense Medical College and Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (KAKENHI, Grant Number 16K16413).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan

    Kiguna Sei, Hidenori Sasa & Kenichi Furuya

  2. Division of Environmental Medicine, National Defense Medical College Research Institute, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan

    Masanori Fujita

  3. Department of Medical Engineering, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan

    Takeshi Hirasawa, Shinpei Okawa, Toshihiro Kushibiki & Miya Ishihara

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  1. Kiguna Sei
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  2. Masanori Fujita
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  3. Takeshi Hirasawa
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  5. Toshihiro Kushibiki
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Correspondence to Masanori Fujita.

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Ethical approval

The experimental protocol used in this study was approved by the Institutional Review Board on Animal Care of National Defense Medical College, Japan (Approval number; 13091).

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Sei, K., Fujita, M., Hirasawa, T. et al. Measurement of blood-oxygen saturation using a photoacoustic technique in the rabbit hypoxemia model. J Clin Monit Comput 33, 269–279 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10877-018-0166-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10877-018-0166-8

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