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Association of IgG immunoglobulin and subclasses level with the severity of chromoblastomycosis due to Fonsecaea pedrosoi and therapeutic response to itraconazole

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Abstract

Chromoblastomycosis (CBM) is a chronic, suppurative, granulomatous mycosis of the skin and subcutaneous tissues. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between IgG antibody levels and the severity of CBM and therapeutic response of patients to itraconazole. A longitudinal study was conducted in patients with CBM due to Fonsecaea pedrosoi and in healthy subjects with chromomycin skin test (CST)+. The dosage of anti-F. pedrosoi IgG antibody performed in 47 healthy individuals with CST+ showed positivity in 97.5 %, with an average titer of 2,109 [standard deviation (SD) + 3,676)] and a mean optical density (OD) of 1.174 (SD + 0.456), showing positive correlation with the induration area of the CST (mm2). The level of antibodies in 55 patients with CBM expressed in OD and titration showed that, before treatment, patients with severe disease had higher levels of IgG, IgG1, IgG2, and IgG3 when compared with moderate or mild disease (p < 0.05). According to the time of treatment, the mean antibody titers of IgG, IgG1, and IgG2 were reduced after treatment (p < 0.05). In the assessment of therapeutic response, there was reduction of IgG3 and IgG titers in patients with rapid response (p < 0.05) and IgG2 on rapid and intermediate response (p < 0.05). There was clear evidence of what are the risk factors for exposure to F. pedrosoi in the daily lives of these subjects, with prospects of preventive measures for the target population. The immunological analysis shows that the antibody anti-F. pedrosoi did not exhibit a protective role against infection caused by this agent.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico), CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior), FAPEMA (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Maranhão), and FAPEMIG (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais) for the financial support.

Conflict of interest

The authors report no conflicts of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. Medicina I, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luis, MA, Brazil

    C. d. M. P. e Silva de Azevedo

  2. Dept. Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil

    O. Bruña-Romero

  3. Hospital Universitário, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luis, MA, Brazil

    S. G. Marques

  4. Dept. Patologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luis, MA, Brazil

    F. R. F. do Nascimento, M. C. Pinto & L. A. Silva

  5. Faculdade de Farmacia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil

    L. É. M. Bouillet

  6. Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luis, MA, Brazil

    F. S. de Azevedo

  7. Dept. Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos 6627, 31 270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil

    M. A. de Resende Stoianoff

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  1. C. d. M. P. e Silva de Azevedo
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Correspondence to M. A. de Resende Stoianoff.

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e Silva de Azevedo, C.d.M.P., Bruña-Romero, O., Marques, S.G. et al. Association of IgG immunoglobulin and subclasses level with the severity of chromoblastomycosis due to Fonsecaea pedrosoi and therapeutic response to itraconazole. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 33, 1791–1797 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-014-2138-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-014-2138-3

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