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Cluster headache and TACs: state of the art

  • MIGRAINE AND PRIMARY HEADACHES
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Abstract

Cluster headache (CH), paroxysmal hemicrania (PH), short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks (including SUNCT and SUNA), and hemicrania continua (HC) compose the group of trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias (TACs). Here, we review the recent advances in the field and summarize the current knowledge about the origin of these headaches. Similar to the other primary headaches, the pathogenesis is still much obscure. However, advances are being made in both animal models and humans studies. Three structures clearly appear to be crucial in the pathophysiology of TACs: the trigeminal nerve, the facial parasympathetic system, and the hypothalamus. The physiologic and pathologic functioning of each of these elements and their interactions is being progressively clarified, but critical questions are still open.

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  1. Neuroalgology Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico “Carlo Besta”, Milan, Italy

    Luca Giani, Alberto Proietti Cecchini & Massimo Leone

  2. Neuroalgology Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico “Carlo Besta”, Via Celoria 11, 20133, Milan, MI, Italy

    Massimo Leone

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LG receives funding from the Italian Ministry of Health (research program RF-2016-02364909). ML received honoraria as advisory board for Eli Lilly and Teva. APC certifies that there is no actual or potential conflict of interest in relation to this article.

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Giani, L., Proietti Cecchini, A. & Leone, M. Cluster headache and TACs: state of the art. Neurol Sci 41 (Suppl 2), 367–375 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-020-04639-4

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