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Potential therapeutic system for Alzheimer’s disease: removal of blood Aβs by hemodialzyers and its effect on the cognitive functions of renal-failure patients

  • Dementias - Original Article
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Abstract

The pathological changes of Alzheimer’s disease include the deposition of amyloid β protein (Aβ) as senile plaques in the brain. We hypothesized that the rapid removal of Aβs from the blood may act as a peripheral Aβ drainage sink from the brain. In this study, the plasma Aβ concentrations and the cognitive functions were investigated for in 57 patients on hemodailysis (69.4 ± 3.8 years), 26 renal-failure patients without hemodialysis (66.6 ± 14.7 years), and 17 age-matched healthy controls (66.6 ± 4.1 years). The concentrations of plasma Aβs increased along with the decline of renal functions. Moreover, the renal-failure patients without hemodialysis and with poorer renal functions showed lower cognitive functions. The plasma concentrations of Aβ1-42 correlated with serum creatinine (P < 0.001) and Mini-Mental-State Examination scores (P = 0.017). The dialyzers effectively removed Aβs in the blood during hemodialysis sessions. The plasma Aβ concentrations showed steady or slightly decreasing along with duration of hemodialysis. The total amount of Aβs removed during a hemodialysis session was calculated to be comparable to the Aβs dissolved in the blood and the cerebrospinal fluid. The MMSE scores of the hemodialysis patients showed no clear decrease in longer hemodialysis duration. Therefore, the therapeutic approach for Alzheimer’s disease by removing Aβs from the blood is worthy of further investigation, including whether or not Aβs in the brain decrease.

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Acknowledgments

The authors sincerely thank Dr. Shigenobu Nakamura for his fruitful discussions. The authors also thank Ms. Yukari Murata and Sachi Oguri for their technical assistance. This work was partly supported by KAKENHI (20509008 and 23500531) and the Smoking Research Foundation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan

    Masao Kato, Kazutaka Murakami & Yukio Yuzawa

  2. Faculty of Clinical Engineering, School of Health Sciences, Fujita Health University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan

    Kazunori Kawaguchi, Sigeru Nakai, Hideo Hori, Atsushi Ohashi, Yoshiyuki Hiki & Nobuya Kitaguchi

  3. Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan

    Shinji Ito & Tatsuro Mutoh

  4. Gojohgawa Rehabilitation Hospital, Kiyosu, Aichi, 452-0961, Japan

    Yasunobu Shimano

  5. Chiryu Clinic, Chiryu, Aichi, 472-0012, Japan

    Nobuo Suzuki

  6. Kanayama Clinic, Nagoya, Aichi, 456-0012, Japan

    Satoshi Sugiyama

  7. Shinseikai Dai-ichi Hospital, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-0046, Japan

    Hiroshi Ogawa

  8. Chita City Hospital, Chita, Aichi, 478-8640, Japan

    Hiroko Kusimoto

Authors
  1. Masao Kato
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  2. Kazunori Kawaguchi
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  3. Sigeru Nakai
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  4. Kazutaka Murakami
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  5. Hideo Hori
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  6. Atsushi Ohashi
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  7. Yoshiyuki Hiki
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  8. Shinji Ito
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  9. Yasunobu Shimano
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  10. Nobuo Suzuki
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  11. Satoshi Sugiyama
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  12. Hiroshi Ogawa
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  13. Hiroko Kusimoto
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  14. Tatsuro Mutoh
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  15. Yukio Yuzawa
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  16. Nobuya Kitaguchi
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nobuya Kitaguchi.

Additional information

M. Kato and K. Kawaguchi contributed equally.

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Kato, M., Kawaguchi, K., Nakai, S. et al. Potential therapeutic system for Alzheimer’s disease: removal of blood Aβs by hemodialzyers and its effect on the cognitive functions of renal-failure patients. J Neural Transm 119, 1533–1544 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00702-012-0844-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00702-012-0844-5

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