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Posterior reversible encephalopathy in a child with Langerhans cell histiocytosis following allogeneic PBSCT treatment with cyclosporine

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Abstract

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is associated with a specific disorder of cerebrovascular autoregulation of multiple etiologies. This syndrome had been subsequently described in numerous medical conditions, including hypertensive encephalopathy, pre-eclampsia and the use with immunosuppressive drugs. Here, we report a child suffering from Langerhans cell histocytosis developing into PRES following immunosuppressive therapy. Symptoms and neuroimaging abnormalities were complete resolution subsequent to the withdrawal of cyclosporine. Although PRES is rarely seen among children, it should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute neurological illness, especially undergoing immunosuppressive therapy.

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Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Abbreviations

PRES:

posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome

MRI:

magnetic resonance imaging

FLAIR:

fluid-attenuated inversion recovery

DWI:

diffusion-weighted images

ADC:

apparent diffusion coefficient

LCH:

Langerhans cell histocytosis

CsA:

cyclosporine

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, No. 325, Cheng-Kung Rd., Sec. 2, Neihu, Taipei, 114, Taiwan

    Chi-Chieh Lai, Shyi-Jou Chen, Shao-Hung Lien & Shin-Nang Cheng

  2. Department of Radiology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China

    Chung-Ping Lo

Authors
  1. Chi-Chieh Lai
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  2. Shyi-Jou Chen
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  3. Shao-Hung Lien
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  4. Chung-Ping Lo
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  5. Shin-Nang Cheng
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Correspondence to Shin-Nang Cheng.

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Lai, CC., Chen, SJ., Lien, SH. et al. Posterior reversible encephalopathy in a child with Langerhans cell histiocytosis following allogeneic PBSCT treatment with cyclosporine. Eur J Pediatr 167, 817–820 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-007-0564-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-007-0564-2

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