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Arborization patterns of amygdalopetal axons from the rat ventral pallidum

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Abstract

We previously analyzed the arborization patterns of rat ventral pallidal (VP) axons that coursed caudally to innervate the thalamus and brainstem (Tripathi et al. in Brain Struct Funct 218:1133–1157, 2013). Here, we have reconstructed 16 previously undetected axons from the same tracer deposits that follow a more lateral trajectory. Virtually all 16 axons emanating from the different VP compartments collateralized in the extended amygdala system (EAS) and amygdaloid complex. The most frequent targets of axons from the lateral and medial (VPm) VP compartments were the rostral sublenticular extended amygdala, the extended amygdala (EA), the central nucleus of the amygdala and the posterior part of the basolateral amygdaloid nucleus. In contrast, axons from the rostral extension of the VP preferentially innervated the anterior amygdaloid area, the magnocellular preoptic nucleus, and the anterior part of the basomedial amygdaloid nucleus. We additionally found and reconstructed a single corticopetal axon arising from the VPm. The new results show that both direct and indirect projections from the basolateral complex and EAS to the ventral striatopallidal system are reciprocated by VP projections, and suggest that the systems can be activated simultaneously. The results additionally suggest that the amygdaloid complex and cortex are innervated separately from the VP. Finally, the combination of new and previous data indicate that approximately 84 % of VP axons (88/105) participate in basal ganglia circuits, 15 % (16/105) target the amygdaloid complex, and less than 1 % innervate the cortex.

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Abbreviations

AA:

Anterior amygdaloid area

acp:

Anterior commissure posterior part

Acb:

Nucleus accumbens

AcbC:

Nucleus accumbens, core

AcbSh:

Nucleus accumbens, shell

AHi:

Amygdalohippocampal area

AHiAL:

Amygdalohippocampal area, anterolateral part

AHiPM:

Amygdalohippocampal area, posteromedial part

APir:

Amygdalopiriform transition area

B:

Basal nucleus of Meynert

BDA:

Biotinylated dextran amine

BL:

Basolateral amygdaloid nucleus

BLA:

Basolateral amygdaloid nucleus, anterior part

BLP:

Basolateral amygdaloid nucleus, posterior part

BLV:

Basolateral amygdaloid nucleus, ventral part

BM:

Basomedial amygdaloid nucleus

BMA:

Basomedial amygdaloid nucleus, anterior part

BMP:

Basomedial amygdaloid nucleus, posterior part

BST:

Bed nucleus of the stria terminalis

BSTL:

Bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, lateral division

BSTM:

Bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, medial division

C:

Caudal

CalB:

Calbindin D28k

Ce:

Central amygdaloid nucleus

CeC:

Central amygdala nucleus, capsular

CeL:

Central amygdala nucleus, lateral

CeM:

Central amygdala nucleus, medial

CPu:

Caudate putamen

cst:

Commissural stria terminalis

CxA:

Cortex–amygdala transition zone

D:

Dorsal

DP:

Dorsal peduncular cortex

DTT:

Dorsal tenia tecta

EA:

Extended amygdala

EAS:

Extended amygdala system

Enk:

Leu-enkephalin

EP:

Entopeduncular nucleus

f:

Fornix

FrA:

Frontal association cortex

GP:

Globus pallidus

I:

Intercalated nuclei of amygdala

ic:

Internal capsule

IL:

Infralimbic cortex

IPAC:

Interstitial nucleus of posterior limb of anterior commissure

L:

Lateral

LaDL:

Lateral amygdaloid nucleus, dorsolateral

LaVM:

Lateral amygdaloid nucleus, ventromedial

LHb:

Lateral habenula

LSS:

Lateral stripe of striatum

LV:

Lateral ventricle

MCPO:

Magnocellular preoptic nucleus

Me:

Medial amygdaloid nucleus

MeAD:

Medial amygdaloid nucleus, anterodorsal

MeAV:

Medial amygdaloid nucleus, anteroventral

MePD:

Medial amygdaloid nucleus, posterodorsal

MePV:

Medial amygdaloid nucleus, posteroventral

opt:

Optic tract

Pir:

Piriform cortex

PLCo:

Posterolateral cortical amygdaloid nucleus

PMCo:

Posteromedial cortical amygdaloid nucleus

PrL:

Prelimbic cortex

Sib :

Substantia innominata, basal part

SLEA:

Sublenticular extended amygdala

SLEAr:

Rostral sublenticular extended amygdala

STIA:

Bed nucleus of stria terminalis intraamygdaloid division

Tu:

Olfactory tubercle

VEn:

Ventral endopiriform nucleus

VP:

Ventral pallidum

VPl:

Ventral pallidum, dorsolateral compartment

VPm:

Ventral pallidum, ventromedial compartment

VPr:

Ventral pallidum, rostral portion

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Acknowledgments

We want to thank John F. Wesseling for critical readings of the manuscript. S. Mongia is recipient of a predoctoral Grant from Asociación de Amigos de la Universidad de Navarra, while A. Tripathi was recipient of a predoctoral Grant from FIMA (Foundation for Applied Medical Research). This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science (MEC, BFU2004-06825), Gobierno de Navarra 2004, and the ‘UTE project CIMA’.

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  1. A. Tripathi

    Present address: Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, 90187, Umeå, Sweden

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Division of Neurosciences, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain

    A. Tripathi & E. Mengual

  2. Departamento de Anatomía, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Navarra, Ed. Los Castaños, C/. Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain

    S. Mongia & E. Mengual

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  1. S. Mongia
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  2. A. Tripathi
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  3. E. Mengual
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Correspondence to E. Mengual.

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S. Mongia and A. Tripathi have contributed equally to this paper.

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Mongia, S., Tripathi, A. & Mengual, E. Arborization patterns of amygdalopetal axons from the rat ventral pallidum. Brain Struct Funct 221, 4549–4573 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-016-1184-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-016-1184-2

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