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Evaluating relaxed ciliary muscle tone in presbyopic eyes

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Abstract

Purpose

Studies of age-related changes in ciliary muscle (CM) morphology and contractility have variously reported that CM weakens or strengthens with age. In response, the aim of this study was to evaluate relaxed CM tone in vivo in pre-presbyopic and presbyopic patients using a predictor value (PCM).

Methods

Two groups of eyes—40 eyes of 40 healthy volunteers with a mean age of 28.1 ± 5.8 years and 40 eyes of 40 healthy volunteers with a mean age of 56.6 ± 7.3 years—formed the sample for this prospective, observational cross-sectional study. Used to evaluate relaxed CM tone, PCM was calculated as the difference between the change in mean anterior chamber depth (ACD) and lens thickness (LT) before and after cycloplegia, as measured with swept-source optical biometry.

Results

The PCM for relaxed CM tone was 0.04 ± 0.04 mm in pre-presbyopic participants, 0.06 ± 0.03 mm in presbyopic ones, and significantly greater in presbyopic patients (p = .018).

Conclusion

The statistical significance of PCM between pre-presbyopic and presbyopic eyes might not signify clinical significance, since the difference was close to the repeatability limits for swept-source optical biometry. When relaxed, CM tone does not diminish with presbyopia according to changes in anterior chamber parameters due to cycloplegia.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Mr Kursad Tosun (PhD, MSK University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics) and Mr. Ercan Baldemir (PhD, MSK University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics) for their assistance with statistical analysis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Training and Research Hospital, Mugla, 48000, Turkey

    Erhan Özyol

  2. Department of Ophthalmology, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Faculty of Medicine, Mugla, Turkey

    Pelin Özyol

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  1. Erhan Özyol
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  2. Pelin Özyol
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Correspondence to Erhan Özyol.

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All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest, or non-financial interest in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.

Ethical approval

All procedures were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Özyol, E., Özyol, P. Evaluating relaxed ciliary muscle tone in presbyopic eyes. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 255, 973–978 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-017-3621-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-017-3621-1

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