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Impulse control disorders in Parkinson’s disease: an overview from neurobiology to treatment

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Abstract

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative brain disorder and is characterized by motor symptoms such as tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity and postural instability. A majority of the patients also develop non-motor symptoms. Impulse control disorders (ICD) are behavioural changes that often fail to be detected in clinical practice. The prevalence of ICD in PD varies widely from 6.1 to 31.2 % and treatment with dopaminergic medication is considered to be the greatest risk factor. Management consists mainly of reducing dopaminergic medication. In our experience, ICD has a tremendous impact on the quality of life of the patients and their families and should therefore not be disregarded. Studies addressing the role of ICD in PD caregiver strain are imperative. We attempt to give a comprehensive overview of the literature on the complicated neurobiology of ICD and discuss risk factors, genetic susceptibility, screening modalities and management.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Disha Shah for her linguistic support in the writing of this paper.

Conflicts of interest

None.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium

    Emke Maréchal, David Crosiers, Barbara Pickut & Patrick Cras

  2. Laboratory of Neurobiology, Born-Bunge Institute, Antwerp, Belgium

    David Crosiers & Patrick Cras

  3. Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases Group, Department of Molecular Genetics, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium

    David Crosiers

  4. Hauenstein Neuroscience Center, Michigan, USA

    Barbara Pickut

  5. University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium

    Emke Maréchal, Benjamin Denoiseux, Ellen Thys, David Crosiers & Patrick Cras

Authors
  1. Emke Maréchal
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  2. Benjamin Denoiseux
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  3. Ellen Thys
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  4. David Crosiers
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  5. Barbara Pickut
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  6. Patrick Cras
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Emke Maréchal.

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Maréchal, E., Denoiseux, B., Thys, E. et al. Impulse control disorders in Parkinson’s disease: an overview from neurobiology to treatment. J Neurol 262, 7–20 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-014-7361-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-014-7361-4

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