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Clinical impact of FDG PET/CT in alimentary tract malignancies: an updated review

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Abstract

The use of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography (PET/CT) is well established in the evaluation of alimentary tract malignancies. This review of the literature and demonstration of correlative images focuses on the current role of PET/CT in the diagnosis (including pathologic/clinical staging) and post-therapy follow-up of esophageal, gastric, and colorectal cancers. PET/CT provides utility in the management of esophageal cancer, including detection of distant disease prior to resection. In gastric cancer, PET/CT is useful in detecting solid organ metastases and in characterizing responders vs. non-responders after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the latter of which have poorer overall survival. In patients with GIST tumors, PET/CT also determines response to imatinib therapy with greater expedience as compared to CECT. For colorectal cancer, PET/CT has proven helpful in detecting hepatic and other distant metastases, treatment response, and differentiating post-radiation changes from tumor recurrence. Our review also highlights several pitfalls in PET/CT interpretation of alimentary tract lesions.

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  1. The George Washington University Department of Radiology, Washington, DC, USA

    Esma A. Akin, Zain N. Qazi & Robert K. Zeman

  2. George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA

    Murat Osman

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Akin, E.A., Qazi, Z.N., Osman, M. et al. Clinical impact of FDG PET/CT in alimentary tract malignancies: an updated review. Abdom Radiol 45, 1018–1035 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-020-02447-0

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