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Die radikale Primäroperation des fortgeschrittenen Ovarialkarzinoms

Radical primary surgery for advanced-stage ovarian cancer

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Zusammenfassung

Über 60% der Ovarialkarzinome werden im fortgeschrittenen Stadium FIGO III/IV erkannt. Präoperativ ist eine Einschätzung der Tumorausdehnung nur unzureichend möglich. Die Prognose hängt im Wesentlichen von den operativen Möglichkeiten ab, Tumorfreiheit zu erreichen. Dafür ist eine große operative Erfahrung und ggf. ein interdisziplinäres Vorgehen notwendig, weswegen diese Operationen in spezialisierten Zentren geplant werden sollten. Von der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Gynäkologische Onkologie (AGO-Ovar) wird ein standardisiertes Vorgehen empfohlen. Bei Tumorbefall sind Eingriffe im Oberbauch wie die Entfernung von Metastasen im Bereich des Diaphragmas, die Splenektomie oder Leberresektionen indiziert, die pelvine und paraaortale Lymphonodektomie soll durchgeführt werden, wenn insgesamt eine Tumorreduktion auf mindestens R1 zu erreichen ist. Durch die gesteigerte Radikalität des Primäreingriffs und die nachfolgende adjuvante platin- und taxanhaltige Chemotherapie wird die progressionsfreie Zeit wie auch die Überlebenszeit verlängert. Die Radikalität des Eingriffs muss auf das biologische Alter und den Allgemeinzustand der Patientin abgestimmt sein.

Abstract

More than 60% of ovarian carcinomas are only recognized in the advanced FIGO III/IV stage. A preoperative estimation of the extent of the tumor is only insufficiently possible. The prognosis essentially depends on the operative possibilities to achieve complete resection of the tumor. Therefore, skillful operative techniques and should the occasion arise, an interdisciplinary cooperation are necessary, therefore surgery should be planned in specialized centers. The Arbeitsgemeinschaft Gynäkologische Onkologie (AGO-OVAR) recommends a standardized procedure. In cases of tumors in the upper abdomen, operations such as the removal of metastases in the region of the diaphragm, splenectomy or liver resection are recommended. Pelvic and paraaortal lymphadonectomy should be carried out if a tumor reduction of at least level R1 can be attained. An increased radicality of the operation and the following adjuvant chemotherapy with platinum and taxan lead to an extension of the progression-free period as well as the overall survival rate. The radicality of the operation must be harmonized with the age and general condition of the patient.

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Fischer, D., Cordes, T., Schroer, A. et al. Die radikale Primäroperation des fortgeschrittenen Ovarialkarzinoms. Gynäkologe 39, 762–767 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00129-006-1887-1

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