Skip to main content
Log in

Referred scrotal pain

Case reports and review

  • Clinical Reviews
  • Published:
Journal of General Internal Medicine Aims and scope Submit manuscript

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

References

  1. Head H. On disturbances of sensation with especial reference to the pain of visceral disease. Brain. 1893;16:1–133.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Sharer WC. Acute scrotal pathology. Surg Clin North Am. 1982;62:955–70.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Edelsberg JS, Surh YS. The acute scrotum. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 1988;6:521–46.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. McGee SR. Diagnosis of scrotal pain. Med Rounds. 1988;1:280–9.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Knight PJ, Vassy LE. The diagnosis and treatment of the acute scrotum in children and adolescents. Ann Surg. 1984;200:664–73.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Cass AS, Cass BP, Veeraraghavan K. Immediate exploration of the unilateral acute scrotum in young male subjects. J Urol. 1980;124:829–32.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Riggs S. Sanford JP. Viral orchitis. N Engl J Med. 1962;266:990–3.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. MacKay EN, Sellers AH. A statistical review of malignant testicular tumours based on the experience of the Ontario Cancer Foundation clinics. 1938–1961. Can Med Assoc J. 1966;94:889–99.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Rosenthal S, Kim Y, Wise GJ. Neuropathy and orchialgia in a 40-year-old man. J Urol. 1987;138:114–5.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Lee LM, Moloney PJ, Wong HCG, Magil AB, McLoughlin MG. Testicular pain: an unusual presentation of polyarteritis nodosa. J Urol. 1983;129:1243–4.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Wright LF, Bicknell SL. Systemic necrotizing vasculitis presenting as epididymitis. J Urol. 1986;136:1094.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Azar N, Guillevin L, Du LTH, et al. Symptomatic urogenital manifestations of polyarteritis nodosa and Churg-Strauss angiitis: analysis of 8 of 165 patients. J Urol. 1989;142:136–8.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Shapiro EI, Silber SJ. Open-ended vasectomy, sperm granuloma, and postvasectomy orchialgia. Fertil Steril. 1979;32:546–50.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. McCormack M, Lapointe S. Physiologic consequences and complications of vasectomy. Can Med Assoc J. 1988;138:223–5.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Schmidt SS. Spermatic granuloma: an often painful lesion. Fertil Steril. 1979;31:178–81.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Enselberg CD. The clinical picture of aneurysm of the abdominal aorta. Ann Intern Med. 1956;44:1163–81.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Osier W. Aneurysm of the abdominal aorta. Lancet. 1905;2:1089–96.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Crane JF. Ureteral involvement by aortic aneurysm. J Urol. 1958;79:403–9.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Uhle CAW. The significance of aneurysm of the abdominal aorta masquerading as primary urologic disease. J Urol. 1941;45:13–40.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Haddad FS. Re: urological manifestations of isolated iliac artery aneurysms. J Urol. 1988;139:387.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Ali MS. Testicular pain in a patient with aneurysm of the common iliac artery. Br J Urol. 1983;44:447–8.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Klapman MJ. Ruptured abdominal aneurysm with pain in the testicle. Calif Med. 1960;92:163–4.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Artman MR, Burkle FM. Acute abdominal aortic aneurysm presenting an isolated testicular pain. Am J Emerg Med. 1987;5:45–7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. O’Keefe KP, Skiendzielewski JJ. Abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture representing as testicular pain. Ann Emerg Med. 1989;18:1096–8.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Marino R, Mooppan UMM, Zein TA, Flores L, Kim H. Urological manifestations of isolated iliac artery aneurysms. J Urol. 1987;137:232–4.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Culp OS, Bernatz PE. Urologic aspects of lesions in the abdominal aorta. J Urol. 1961;86:189–95.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Lazarus JA, Marks MS. Aneurysm of the abdominal aorta associated with urinary symptoms. J Urol. 1944;52:115–25.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Bretland PM. Acute ureteral obstruction: a clinical and radiological study. New York: Appleton-Century Crofts, 1972.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Lederle FA, Walker JM, Reinke DB. Selective screening for abdominal aortic aneurysms with physical examination and ultrasound. Arch Intern Med. 1988;148:1753–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. French EB, Robb WAT. Biliary and renal colic. BMJ. 1963;2:135–8.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Ockerblad NF, Carlson HE. The distribution of ureteral pain. J Urol. 1938;39:745–50.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Risholm L. Studies on renal colic and its treatment by posterior splanchnic block. Acta Chir Scand. 1954;184(Suppl):1–64.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Brown FR. Testicular pain: its significance and localisation. Lancet. 1949;1:994–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Friis ML, Gulliksen GC, Rasmussen GP, Husby J. Pain and spinal root compression. Acta Neurochir. 1977;39:241–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. White SH, Leslie IJ. Pain in scrotum due to intervertebral disc protrusion. Lancet. 1986;1:504.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Goss CM (ed). Gray’s Anatomy. Philadelphia: Lea and Febiger, 1973;986.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Kellgren JH. On the distribution of pain arising from deep somatic structures with charts of segmental pain areas. Clin Sci. 1939;4:35–46.

    Google Scholar 

  38. Cope Z. The Early Diagnosis of the Acute Abdomen. London: Oxford University Press, 1972;56.

    Google Scholar 

  39. Ahlering TE, Weinberg AC, Lieskovsky G. Pelvic abscess following appendicitis presenting as scrotal abscess. J Urol. 1985;133:1058–9.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Wilkins SA, Holder LE, Raiker RV, Wilson TH. Acute appendicitis presenting as acute left scrotal pain: diagnostic considerations. Urology. 1985;25:634–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Creese PG. The first appendectomy. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1953;97:643–51.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Sujka SK, Evans EJ, Nigam A. Delayed rupture of the spleen presenting as a scrotal hematoma. J Trauma. 1986;26:85–6.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Neoptolemos JP, Harvey MH, Slater ND, Carr-Locke DL. Abdominal wall bile staining and ‘biliscrotum’ after retroperitoneal perforation following endoscopic sphincterotomy. Br J Surg. 1984;71:684.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Klimach OE, Defriend DJ, Foster DN. Pneumoscrotum following endoscopic sphincterotomy. Surg Endosc. 1990;4:230–1.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Sharma TC, Kagan HN. Scrotal emphysema. Am Surg. 1980;46:652–3.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Redman JF, Pahls WL. Pneumoscrotum following tracheal intubation. J Urol. 1985;133:1056–7.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Engelhard D, Ornoy A, Deckelbaum RJ. Pneumoscrotum complicating percutaneous liver biopsy. Gastroenterology. 1981;80:390–2.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Wantz GE. Complications of inguinal hernial repair. Surg Clin North Am. 1984;64:287–98.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Barbalias GA, Meares EM, Sant GR. Prostatodynia: clinical and urodynamic characteristics. J Urol. 1983;130:514–7.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Barbalias GA. Prostatodynia or painful male urethral syndrome: Urology. 1990;36:146–53.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Osborn OE, George NJR, Rao PN, et al. Prostatodynia—physiological characteristics and rational management with muscle relaxants. Br J Urol. 1981;53:621–3.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Berger RE, Krieger JN, Kessler D, et al. Case-control study of men with suspected chronic idiopathic prostatitis. J Urol. 1989;141:328–31.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Meares EM, Stamey TA. Bacteriologic localization patterns in bacterial prostatitis and urethritis. Invest Urol. 1968;5:492–7.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Drach GW, Meares EM, Fair WR, Stamey TA. Classification of benign diseases associated with prostatic pain: prostatitis or prostatodynia? J Urol. 1978;120:266.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Lipsky BA. Urinary tract infections in men; epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Ann Intern Med. 1989;110:138–50.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Meares EM. Prostatitis. Med Clin North Am. 1991;75:405–24.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Weinberger M, Cytron S, Servadio C, et al. Prostatic abscess in the antibiotic era. Rev Infect Dis. 1988;10:239–49.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Resnick MI. Prostate imaging and biopsy. In: Glenn JF (ed). Urologic Surgery, 4th edition. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott, 1991;603–9.

    Google Scholar 

  59. Segura JW, Opitz JL, Greene LF. Prostatosis, prostatitis or pelvic tension myalgia? J Urol. 1979;122:168–9.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Sinaki M, Merritt JL, Stillwell GK. Tension myalgia of the pelvic floor. Mayo Clin Proc. 1977;52:717–22.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Magee RK, Genitofemoral causalgia. Can Med Assoc J. 1942;46:326–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Lyon EK, Genitofemoral causalgia. Can Med Assoc J. 1945;53:213–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Baker LRI, Mallinson WJW, Gregory MC, et al. Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis. A retrospective analysis of 60 cases. Br J Urol. 1988;60:497–503.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  64. Mitchinson MJ. Some clinical aspects of idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis. Br J Surg. 1972;59:58–60.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Davis BE, Noble MJ, Weigel JW, Foret JD, Mebust WK. Analysis and management of chronic testicular pain. J Urol. 1990;143:936–9.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Wollard HH, Carmichael EA. The testis and referred pain. Brain. 1933;56:293–303.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  67. Devine CJ, Schellhammer PF. The use of microsurgical denervation of the spermatic cord for orchialgia. Trans Am Assoc Genitourin Surg. 1979;70:149–51.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

Received from the Seattle Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

McGee, S.R. Referred scrotal pain. J Gen Intern Med 8, 694–701 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02598293

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02598293

Keywords

Navigation