Abstract
Thein vitro response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (MNC) from patients with cemented total hip or knee arthroplasties, and control individuals, to polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) was assessed by cell proliferation, cytokine production, and molecular techniques. After seven days in culture, a dose-dependent proliferative response to PMMA stimulation was observed in MNC from fifteen normal individuals. A concomitant dose-dependent production of both IL-1β and IL-2 in response to PMMA stimulation was detected. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCR) indicated that both IL-1β and IL-2 mRNA was present after 48 hours in culture with PMMA. Cellular proliferation and cytokine production (both IL-1β and IL-2) in 10 patients with stable, painless, well-functioning, cemented arthroplasties was significantly lower (p < 0.025) than normal controls and patients with aseptically loosened, painful, arthroplasties. The findings suggest that patients with stable cemented total joint arthroplasties are either inherently or adaptively less responsive to PMMA at a cellular level.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Stauffer RN, McCarty DJ, editors. Arthritis and Allied Conditions. 10th ed. Correction of arthritic deformities of the hip. Philadelphia: Lea & Febinger, 1985;48:757–70.
Charnley J. The reaction of bone to self curing acrylic cement. J Bone Joint Surg 1970;52:340–7.
Lalor PA, Revell PA, Gray AB, Wright S, Railton GT, Freeman MA. Sensitivity to titanium. A cause of implant failure? J Bone Joint Surg — British Volume 1991;73:25–8.
Maguire JK, Jr., Coscia MF, Lynch MH. Foreign body reaction to polymeric debris following total hip arthroplasty. Clin Orthop Rel Res 1987;213–23.
Willert HG, Bertram H, Buchhorn GH. Osteolysis in alloarthroplasty of the hip. The role of bone cement fragmentation. Clin Orthop Rel Res 1990;108–21.
Ziff M. Pathways of mononuclear cell infiltration in rheumatoid synovitis. Rheumat Int 1989;9:97–103.
Kumkumian GK, Lafyatis R, Remmers EF, Case JP, Kim S-J, Wilder RL. Platelet-derived growth factor and IL-1 interactions in rheumatoid arthritis: Regulation of synoviocyte proliferation, prostaglandin production, and collagenase transcription. J Immunol 1989;143:833–7.
Dorr LD, Bloebaum R, Emmanual J, Meldrum R. Histologic, biochemical, and ion analysis of tissue and fluids retrieved during total hip arthroplasty. Clin Orthop Rel Res 1990; 82–95.
Larsson EL, Iscove NN, Coutinho A. Two distinct factors are required for T cell growth. Nature 1980;283:664–7.
Henney CS, Gillis S, Paul WE, editors. Fundamental Immunology. New York: Raven Press. 1984;25, Cell-mediated cytotoxicity. pp. 669–84.
Arnett FC, Edworthy SM, Bloch DA, McShane DJ, Fries JF, Cooper NS, et al. The American Rheumatism Association 1987 Revised Criteria for the classification of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 1988;31:315–24.
Mosman T. Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. J Immunol Meth 1983;65:55–63.
Margolis RU, Margolis RK. Nervous tissue proteoglycans. Dev Neuro 1989;11:276–88.
Chomczynski P, Sacchi N. Single step method of RNA isolation by acid guanidium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction. Anal Biochem 1987;162:156–9.
Combe B, Pope RM, Fischbach M, Darnell B, Baron S, Talal N. Interleukin-2 in rheumatoid arthritis: production of and response to interleukin-2 in rheumatoid synovial fluid, synovial tissue and peripheral blood. Clin Exp Immunol 1985;59:520–8.
Nouri AM, Panayi GS. Cytokines and the chronic inflammation of rheumatic disease. III. Deficient interleukin-2 production in rheumatoid arthritis is not due to suppressor mechanisms. J Rheumatol 1987;14:902–6.
Al-Azem I, Fernandez-Madrid F, Long PM, Wooley PH. The immunoregulation of rheumatoid factor by the CD8 T lymphocyte subset in rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 1992;19:1337–41.
Jasty MJ, Floyd WE, Schiller AL, Goldring SR, Harris WH. Localized osteolysis in stable, non-septic total hip replacement. J Bone Joint Surg — American Volume 1986;68:912–9.
Santavirta S, Konttinen YT, Bergroth V, Eskola A, Tallroth K, Lindholm TS. Aggressive granulomatous lesions associated with hip arthroplasty. Immunopathological studies. J Bone Joint Surg — American Volume 1990;72:252–8.
Appel AM, Sowder WG, Siverhus SW, Hopson CN, Herman JH. Prosthesis-associated pseudomembrane-induced bone resorption. Brit J Rheumatol 1990;29:32–6.
Eftekhar NS, Doty SB, Johnston AD, Parisien MV. Prosthetic synovitis. Hip 1985;169–83.
Gray MH, Talbert ML, Talbert WM, Bansal M, Hsu A. Changes seen in lymph nodes draining the sites of large joint prostheses. Amer J Surg Path 1989;13:1050–6.
Awbrey BJ, Wright PH, Ekbladh LE, Doering MC. Late complications of total hip replacement from bone cement within the pelvis. A review of the literature and a case report involving dyspareunia. J Bone Joint Surg — British Volume 1984;66:41–4.
Weissman BN, Sosman JL, Braunstein EM, Dadkhahipoor H, Kandarpa K, Thornhill TS, et al. Intravenous methylmethacrylate after total hip replacement. J Bone Joint Surg — American Volume 1984;66:443–50.
Fousssereau J, Cavelier C, Protois JP, Deviller J. Contact dermatitis from methyl methacrylate in an above-knee prosthesis. Contact Dermatitis 1989;20:69–70.
Kiyosawa T, Oshima K, Kuroiwa A. Effects of intraocular lens materials on complement activation and macrophage function [Jpn]. Nippon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi — Acta Societatis Ophthalmologicae Japonicae 1988;92:603–10.
Gobel RJ, Janatova J, Googe JM, Apple DJ. Activation of complement in human serum by some synthetic polymers used for intraocular lenses. Biomaterials 1987;8:285–8.
Fisher AA. Reactions to acrylic bone cement in orthopedic surgeons and patients. Cutis 1986;37:425–6.
Nishi O, Nishi K, Sakka Y, Sakuraba T, Maeda S. Intercapsular cataract surgery with lens epithelial cell removal. Part IV: Capsular fibrosis induced by poly(methyl methacrylate). J Cata Refract Surg 1991;17:471–7.
Santavirta S, Konttinen YY, Bergroth V, Gronblad M. Lack of immune response to methyl methacrylate in lymphocyte cultures. Acta Orthop Scand 1991;62:29–32.
Gil-Albarova J, Lacleriga A, Barrios C, Canadell J. Lymphocyte response to polymethylmethacrylate in loose total hip prostheses. J Bone Joint Surg 1992;74:825–30.
Jones LC, Hungerford DS. Cement disease. Clin Orthop Rel Res 1987;192–206.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Chadha, H.S., Wooley, P.H., Sud, S. et al. Cellular proliferation and cytokine responses to polymethylmethacrylate particles in patients with a cemented total joint arthroplasty. Inflamm Res 44, 145–151 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01782811
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01782811