Abstract
The prevalence of sonographically normal, immature and dysplastic hips, the association between hip morphology and gender, and known risk factors for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) were determined for 3613 randomly selected, healthy newborns. Hip morphology was determined according to a modified Graf's method, and stability was evaluated using a Barlow equivalent maneuver. A higher proportion of girls than boys had immature hips [16.9 % vs 9.3 %; relative risk (RR) = 2.0, 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 1.6–2.4], mi nor dysplasia (4.5 % vs 1.0 %; RR = 4.8, 95 % Cl = 2.9–8.1), and major dysplasia (1.2 % vs 0.2 %; RR = 5.5, 95 % CI =1.9–16.2). An increased risk was associated with having a sibling or parent with DDH (RR = 2.2, 95 % CI = 1.0–4.6 and RR = 3.6, 95 % CI =1.1–12.5 for girls and boys, respectively), but not with DDH in more distant relatives. Breech delivery represented a significant risk factor only for the girls (RR = 2.2, 95 % Cl =1.1–4.4). There was a strong association between hip morphology and sonographic stability (gamma = 0.98).
Similar content being viewed by others
References
von Rosen S (1962) Diagnosis and treatment of congenital dislocation of the hip joint in the newborn. J Bone Joint Surg Br 44: 284–291
Bjerkreim I (1974) Congenital dislocation of the hip joint in Norway. Acta Orthop Scand 45 (Suppl): 71, 77
Barlow TG (1962) Early diagnosis and treatment of congenital dislocation of the hip. J Bone Joint Surg Br 44: 292–301
Dunn PM, Evans RE, Thearle MJ, Griffiths HED, Witherow PJ (1985) Congenital dislocation of the hip: early and late diagnosis and management compared. Arch Dis Child 60:407–414
Fredensborg N, Nilsson BE (1976) Overdiagnosis of congenital dislocation of the hip. Clin Orthop 119: 89–92
Burger BJ, Burger JD, Bos CFA, Obermann WR, Rozing PM, Vandenbroucke JP (1990) Neonatal screening and staggered early treatment for congenital dislocation and dysplasia of the hip. Lancet 336: 1549–1553
Graf R (1980) The diagnosis of congenital hip-joint dislocation by the ultrasonic compound treatment. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 97: 117–133
Novick G, Ghelman B, Schneider M (1983) Sonography of the neonatal and infant hip. AJR 141: 639–645
Harcke HT, Clarcke MP, Lee MS, Boras PF, MacEwen GD (1984) Examination of the infant hip with real-time ultrasonography. J Ultrasound Med 3: 131–137
Zieger M, Hilpert S, Schulz RD (1986) Ultrasound of the infant hip. Part 1. Basic principles. Pediatr Radiol 16: 483–487
Graf R (1993) Sonographie der Säuglingshüfte und therapeutische Konsequenzen. Ein Kompendium, 4th edn. Enke, Stuttgart, pp 68–98
Rosendahl K, Markestad T, Lie RT (1992) Ultrasound in the early diagnosis of congenital dislocation of the hip: the significance of hip stability versus acetabular morphology. Pediatr Radiol 22: 430–433
Terjesen T, Berg V, Bredland T (1993) Ultrasonography for screening of hip joints in newborns. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen 113:1706–1709
Rosendahl K, Markestad T, Lie RT (1992) Congenital dislocation of the hip: a prospective study comparing ultrasound and clinical examination. Acta Paediatr 81: 177–181
Shoppee K (1992) Developmental dysplasia of the hip. Orthop Nurs 11: 30–36
Rosendahl K, Markestad T, Lie RT (1994) Ultrasound screening for developmental dysplasia of the hip in the neonate: the effect on treatment rate and prevalence of late cases. Pediatrics 94: 47–52
Medical Birth Registry of Norway (1994) Annual report 1992. University of Bergen, p 23
Ganger R, Grill F, Leodolter S, Vitek M (1991) Ultraschallscreening der Neugeborenenhiifte: Ergebnisse und Erfahrungen. Ultraschall Med 12: 25–30
Langer R (1987) Ultrasonic investigation of the hip in newborns in the diagnosis of congenital hip dislocation: classification and results of a screening program. Skeletal Radiol 16: 275–279
Jones DA, Powell N (1990) Ultrasound and neonatal hip screening. A prospective study of “high risk” babies. J Bone Joint Surg Br 72: 457–459
Stamnes O, Markestad T, Hole J, Seime S (1986) Congenital dislocation of the hip in newborns. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen 106: 2607–2609
Wilkinson JA (1985) Congenital displacement of the hip joint. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg, pp 53–56
McClunckey W, Bunnell WP (1992) Congenital dislocation of the hip. In: Balderston RA, Rothman RH, Booth RE, Hozack WJ (eds) The hip. Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia London, p 103
Getz B (1955) The hip joint in Lapps. Acta Orthop Scand 22 (Suppl): 14
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Rosendahl, K., Markestad, T. & Lie, R.T. Developmental dysplasia of the hip: prevalence based on ultrasound diagnosis. Pediatr Radiol 26, 635–639 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01356824
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01356824