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The effect of arterial hypertension on focal ischemic edema

An experimental study

  • Original Investigations
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Summary

The middle cerebral artery (MCA) of cats was occluded permanently for 24h to study the influence of arterial hypertension during the early phase of focal ischemia upon the development of edema and changes of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). In normotensive animals MCA occlusion results in a hemispheric weight increase of about 8% and marked water and electrolyte alterations in both the grey and white matter of the MCA territory. The RISA space increases mainly in the grey matter. Hypertension aggravates these changes significantly, whereby water and electrolyte changes in the grey matter are predominantly concerned, while there is a preferential increase of the RISA space in the white matter. It is suggested that arterial hypertension aggravates the ischemic edema and enhances a vasogenic type of edema in the white matter.

Zusammenfassung

Die Veränderungen des fokalen Hirnödems sowie der Bluthirnschrankenfunktion durch eine arterielle Hypertension wurde 24 Stunden nach permanentem Verschluß der Arteria cerebri media der Katze untersucht. Bei den normotensiven Kontrolltieren fanden sich eine Zunahme des Gewichtes der geschädigten Hemisphäre auf über 8% sowie signifikante Wasser- und Elektrolytveränderungen in grauer und weißer Substanz des Mediaversorgungsgebietes. Eine Zunahme des sog. RISA-Raumes betrifft bevorzugt die graue Substanz. Nach Hypertension nehmen die regionalen Wasser- und Elektrolytveränderungen signifikant zu, wobei besonders in der grauen Substanz die Wasser- und Elektrolytveränderungen auftreten, während in der weißen Substanz die Zunahme des RISA-Raumes betont ist. Aus den vorliegenden Befunden wird geschlossen, daß eine arterielle Hypertension das ischämisch-fokale Hirnödem verstärkt und besonders in der weißen Substanz das Bild eines „vasogenen“ Ödemtyps aufweist.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Clinic of Neurosurgery, University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, D-6500, Mainz, Federal Republic of Germany

    A. Fenske & J. Kohl

  2. Neurological Clinic, University Lausanne, CH-1011, Lausanne, Switzerland

    F. Regli

  3. Department of Neurosurgery, Elisabethen Hospital, Elisabethenstraße, D-7980, Ravensburg, Federal Republic of Germany

    H. J. Reulen

Authors
  1. A. Fenske
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  2. J. Kohl
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  3. F. Regli
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  4. H. J. Reulen
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Fenske, A., Kohl, J., Regli, F. et al. The effect of arterial hypertension on focal ischemic edema. J. Neurol. 219, 241–251 (1978). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00312977

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00312977

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