Zusammenfassung
Literaturdaten zur Nutzung psychiatrischer Einrichtungen zeigen übereinstimmend eine erhebliche Ungleichverteilung bei den in Anspruch genommenen stationären Behandlungstagen unter den jeweils behandelten Patienten. Eine relativ geringe Anzahl von ihnen beansprucht einen überproportional hohen Anteil der gesamten stationären Behandlungsleistungen.
Diese Patientengruppe wird in der überwiegend englischsprachigen Literatur zu diesem Thema häufig als „Heavy Users“, “High Users„ oder “Frequent Users„ bezeichnet. (Wegen des Fehlens einer entsprechenden deutschsprachigen Bezeichnung soll im vorliegenden Text weiter der Begriff “Heavy Users„ für diese Patientengruppe verwendet werden,) Bisher gibt es keine Übereinkunft darüber, welche psychiatrischen Patienten dieser Gruppe zuzuordnen sind. Gerade einer Reduktion der stationären Behandlungsdauer bei “Heavy Users„ räumen viele Experten jedoch eine Schlüsselstellung bei dem Versuch ein, die Kosten effektiver und qualitativ guter psychiatrischer Versorgung zu senken.
Die vorliegende Arbeit gibt einen Überblick über den Stand der Diskussion zur Frage der „Heavy Users“ und beschäftigt sich mit möglichen Definitionen für diese Patientengruppe. Auf der Basis eigener Daten wird ein Modell zur Quantifizierung der ungleichen Inanspruchnahme stationärer Versorgung vorgestellt.
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Junghan, U.M. (2002). „Heavy Users“: Probleme bei der Identifikation von Patienten mit überdurchschnittlicher Inanspruchnahme stationärer Akutversorgung. In: Peter, K. (eds) Fortschritte in Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6169-2_14
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