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Toxic-Induced Parkinsonism

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Movement Disorders Curricula

Abstract

A large number of neurotoxins have been linked with secondary parkinsonism including metals, organic solvents and illicit drugs (Table 21.1). Manganese was the first substance linked with parkinsonism (Couper Br Ann Med Pharm 1:41–42, 1837), but the precise cause of its toxicity remains undetermined. An outbreak of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) parkinsonism caused by preparation of a designer drug MPPP in California provided several clues to the possible pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease and the development of a non-human primate animal model for drug testing (Langston and Ballard Science 219:979–980, 1983). Improved public health measures designed to prevent exposure to neurotoxins is the most important need as apart from chelation therapy or the promotion of excretion of the toxin by haemodialysis, no efficacious symptomatic treatments are available.

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Abbreviations

CaNa2EDTA:

Calcium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid

MDMA:

Methylenedioxymethamphetamine

MPTP:

1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine

MRI:

Magnetic resonance imaging

PET:

Positron emission tomography

SPECT:

Single-photon emission computed tomography

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University of Tartu, Puusepa 8 – H452, Tartu, 51014, Estonia

    Pille Taba MD, PhD

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  1. Pille Taba MD, PhD
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Correspondence to Pille Taba MD, PhD .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Medicine, Transilvania University, Brasov, Romania

    Cristian Falup-Pecurariu

  2. Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Lisbon, Portugal

    Joaquim Ferreira

  3. National Center of Epidemiology and CIBERNED, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain

    Pablo Martinez-Martin

  4. Centre of Excellence, King’s College London, National Parkinson Foundation Centre of Excellence King’s College, London, United Kingdom

    Kallol Ray Chaudhuri

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Taba, P. (2017). Toxic-Induced Parkinsonism. In: Falup-Pecurariu, C., Ferreira, J., Martinez-Martin, P., Chaudhuri, K. (eds) Movement Disorders Curricula. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1628-9_21

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